اتفاقا

اتفاقا

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic اِتِّفَاقًا‎‎ (ittifāqan).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ittifɑːqan/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /ɪttɪfɑːqan/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ettefɒːɢæn/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /ittifɔqan/

Adverb

اتفاقا • (ettefâqan)

1. accidentally, by chance
   • c. 1260, Rumi, “4:186”, in The Masnavi:

     ‏خواست دختر را ببیند زیر دست، اتفاقا دختر اندر مکتبست‎

     xâst doxtar-râ be-binad zir-e dast, ettefâqan doxtar andar maktab-ast

     She wished to privately meet with the girl, [but] as it so happens the girl is at the maktab

2. occasionally

Related terms

• اتفاق‎ (ettefâq, “chance, accident”)

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Urdu: اتفاقاً‎ (ittifāqan)

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Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪt̪ːɪ.fɑː.qən/
• Rhymes: -ən

Adjective

اِتِّفاقاً • (ittifāqan) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling इत्तिफ़ाक़न)

1. incidental, by accident

Adverb

اِتِّفاقاً • (ittifāqan) (Hindi spelling इत्तिफ़ाक़न)

1. incidentally, accidentally, coincidentally, by chance

References

• “اتفاقا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “اتفاقا”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.