أكار
Arabic
أَكَّارَانِ
Alternative forms
- إِكَّار (ʾikkār)
Etymology
Borrowed from Aramaic אִיכָּרָא / אִכָּרָא (ʾikkārā), ܐܱܟ݁ܳܪܴܐ (ʾakkārā, “farmer”), from Akkadian 𒀳 (ikkarum, “farmer”), from Sumerian 𒀳 (engar, “farmer”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔak.kaːr/
Noun
أَكَّار • (ʾakkār) m (plural أَكَّارُون (ʾakkārūn) or أَكَرَة (ʾakara)) (obsolete)
- farmer, tiller, cultivator of land
- Synonyms: زَرَّاع (zarrāʿ), حَرَّاث (ḥarrāṯ), فَلَّاح (fallāḥ)
- a. 710, الأخطل [al-ʾaḵṭal], Theodor Nöldeke and August Müller, editors, Delectus veterum carminum arabicorum, Berlin: H. Reuther’s Verlagsbuchhandlung, published 1890, page 54:
- إِنَّ الفَوَارِسَ يَعْرِفُونَ ظُهُورَكُم، أَوْلَادَ كُلِّ مُقَبَّحٍ أَكّارِ!
- ʾinna l-fawārisa yaʿrifūna ẓuhūrakum, ʾawlāda kulli muqabbaḥin ʾakkāri!
- Indeed the nomads know your backs, children of every disdained boor!
- a. 869, Al-Jāḥiẓ, “قِصَّةُ ابْنِ العَقَدِيِّ [The Story of Ibn Al-Aqadiyy]”, in Muḥammad Fatḥī ʾAbū Bakr, editor, Al-Buḵalāʾ, fifth edition, Cairo, Egypt: Al Dar Al Masriah Al Lubnaniah, published 2021, →ISBN, page 256:
- قَالَ: «يَشْتَرِي لَنَا أَرُزًّا بِقِشْرِهِ وَيَحْمِلُهُ مَعَهُ، لَيْسَ مَعَهُ شَيْءٌ مِمَّا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ إِلَّا ذٰلِكَ الْأَرُزّ. فَإِذَا صِرْنَا إِلَى أَرْضِهِ كَلَّفَ أَكَّارَهُ أَنْ يَجُشَّهُ فِي مِجَشَّةٍ لَهُ، […] »
- qāla: “yaštarī lanā ʾaruzzan biqišrihi wayaḥmiluhu maʿahu, laysa maʿahu šayʾun mimmā ḵalaqa llāhu ʾillā ḏālika l-ʾaruzz. faʾiḏā ṣirnā ʾilā ʾarḍihi kallafa ʾakkārahu ʾan yajuššahu fī mijaššatin lahu, […] ”
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
Declension
Declension of noun أَكَّار (ʾakkār)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَكَّار ʾakkār | الْأَكَّار al-ʾakkār | أَكَّار ʾakkār |
| Nominative | أَكَّارٌ ʾakkārun | الْأَكَّارُ al-ʾakkāru | أَكَّارُ ʾakkāru |
| Accusative | أَكَّارًا ʾakkāran | الْأَكَّارَ al-ʾakkāra | أَكَّارَ ʾakkāra |
| Genitive | أَكَّارٍ ʾakkārin | الْأَكَّارِ al-ʾakkāri | أَكَّارِ ʾakkāri |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | أَكَّارَيْن ʾakkārayn | الْأَكَّارَيْن al-ʾakkārayn | أَكَّارَيْ ʾakkāray |
| Nominative | أَكَّارَانِ ʾakkārāni | الْأَكَّارَانِ al-ʾakkārāni | أَكَّارَا ʾakkārā |
| Accusative | أَكَّارَيْنِ ʾakkārayni | الْأَكَّارَيْنِ al-ʾakkārayni | أَكَّارَيْ ʾakkāray |
| Genitive | أَكَّارَيْنِ ʾakkārayni | الْأَكَّارَيْنِ al-ʾakkārayni | أَكَّارَيْ ʾakkāray |
| Plural | sound masculine plural; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَكَّارِين; أَكَرَة ʾakkārīn; ʾakara | الْأَكَّارِين; الْأَكَرَة al-ʾakkārīn; al-ʾakara | أَكَّارِي; أَكَرَة ʾakkārī; ʾakarat |
| Nominative | أَكَّارُونَ; أَكَرَةٌ ʾakkārūna; ʾakaratun | الْأَكَّارُونَ; الْأَكَرَةُ al-ʾakkārūna; al-ʾakaratu | أَكَّارُو; أَكَرَةُ ʾakkārū; ʾakaratu |
| Accusative | أَكَّارِينَ; أَكَرَةً ʾakkārīna; ʾakaratan | الْأَكَّارِينَ; الْأَكَرَةَ al-ʾakkārīna; al-ʾakarata | أَكَّارِي; أَكَرَةَ ʾakkārī; ʾakarata |
| Genitive | أَكَّارِينَ; أَكَرَةٍ ʾakkārīna; ʾakaratin | الْأَكَّارِينَ; الْأَكَرَةِ al-ʾakkārīna; al-ʾakarati | أَكَّارِي; أَكَرَةِ ʾakkārī; ʾakarati |
Derived terms
- أَكَرَ (ʾakara, “to till, to dig up”), present يَأْكِرُ (yaʾkiru)
References
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 128–129
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “أكار”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 71
- Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “أكار”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 33