أبى

أبى

See also: آبى‎, آتي‎, أتى‎, أبي‎, أتي‎, آتى‎, آتی‎, آبی‎, آنی‎, انی‎, أنى‎, and آني‎

Arabic

Root
ء ب ي‎ (ʾ-b-y)

Etymology

Supposedly from Proto-Semitic *ʔabay-; according to unifying theory, the meaning of wanting is the original, but came to be always used with negation, such that this is the bulk of attestation of Biblical Hebrew אָבָה‎ (ʔāḇā), and the dialects which standard Arabic has been based on have dropped the negating particle while other dialects continue the older situation. The alternative view assumes mutilated بَغَى‎ (baḡā, “to desire”), well-known, behind the nonstandard meanings.

Verb

أَبَى • (ʾabā) I, non-past يَأْبَى‎‎ (yaʾbā)

1. to reject, to refuse
2. to have an aversion for
3. (nonstandard) to will, to desire
4. (nonstandard) to demand, to ask for
5. (nonstandard) to be in lack, to be necessary

Conjugation

Conjugation of

أَبَى

(form-I final-weak, verbal nouns إِبَاء or إِبَاءَة)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						إِبَاء‎ or إِبَاءَة‎ ʾibāʾ or ʾibāʾa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						آبٍ‎ ʾābin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَأْبِيّ‎ maʾbiyy
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أَبَيْتُ‎ ʾabaytu	أَبَيْتَ‎ ʾabayta	أَبَى ʾabā		أَبَيْتُمَا‎ ʾabaytumā	أَبَيَا‎ ʾabayā		أَبَيْنَا‎ ʾabaynā	أَبَيْتُمْ‎ ʾabaytum	أَبَوْا‎ ʾabaw
	f		أَبَيْتِ‎ ʾabayti	أَبَتْ‎ ʾabat			أَبَتَا‎ ʾabatā			أَبَيْتُنَّ‎ ʾabaytunna	أَبَيْنَ‎ ʾabayna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	آبَى‎ ʾābā	تَأْبَى‎ taʾbā	يَأْبَى‎ yaʾbā		تَأْبَيَانِ‎ taʾbayāni	يَأْبَيَانِ‎ yaʾbayāni		نَأْبَى‎ naʾbā	تَأْبَوْنَ‎ taʾbawna	يَأْبَوْنَ‎ yaʾbawna
	f		تَأْبَيْنَ‎ taʾbayna	تَأْبَى‎ taʾbā			تَأْبَيَانِ‎ taʾbayāni			تَأْبَيْنَ‎ taʾbayna	يَأْبَيْنَ‎ yaʾbayna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	آبَى‎ ʾābā	تَأْبَى‎ taʾbā	يَأْبَى‎ yaʾbā		تَأْبَيَا‎ taʾbayā	يَأْبَيَا‎ yaʾbayā		نَأْبَى‎ naʾbā	تَأْبَوْا‎ taʾbaw	يَأْبَوْا‎ yaʾbaw
	f		تَأْبَيْ‎ taʾbay	تَأْبَى‎ taʾbā			تَأْبَيَا‎ taʾbayā			تَأْبَيْنَ‎ taʾbayna	يَأْبَيْنَ‎ yaʾbayna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	آبَ‎ ʾāba	تَأْبَ‎ taʾba	يَأْبَ‎ yaʾba		تَأْبَيَا‎ taʾbayā	يَأْبَيَا‎ yaʾbayā		نَأْبَ‎ naʾba	تَأْبَوْا‎ taʾbaw	يَأْبَوْا‎ yaʾbaw
	f		تَأْبَيْ‎ taʾbay	تَأْبَ‎ taʾba			تَأْبَيَا‎ taʾbayā			تَأْبَيْنَ‎ taʾbayna	يَأْبَيْنَ‎ yaʾbayna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِيبَ‎ ība			اِيبَيَا‎ ībayā				اِيبَوْا‎ ībaw
	f		اِيبَيْ‎ ībay							اِيبَيْنَ‎ ībayna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أُبِيتُ‎ ʾubītu	أُبِيتَ‎ ʾubīta	أُبِيَ‎ ʾubiya		أُبِيتُمَا‎ ʾubītumā	أُبِيَا‎ ʾubiyā		أُبِينَا‎ ʾubīnā	أُبِيتُمْ‎ ʾubītum	أُبُوا‎ ʾubū
	f		أُبِيتِ‎ ʾubīti	أُبِيَتْ‎ ʾubiyat			أُبِيَتَا‎ ʾubiyatā			أُبِيتُنَّ‎ ʾubītunna	أُبِينَ‎ ʾubīna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُوبَى‎ ʾūbā	تُؤْبَى‎ tuʾbā	يُؤْبَى‎ yuʾbā		تُؤْبَيَانِ‎ tuʾbayāni	يُؤْبَيَانِ‎ yuʾbayāni		نُؤْبَى‎ nuʾbā	تُؤْبَوْنَ‎ tuʾbawna	يُؤْبَوْنَ‎ yuʾbawna
	f		تُؤْبَيْنَ‎ tuʾbayna	تُؤْبَى‎ tuʾbā			تُؤْبَيَانِ‎ tuʾbayāni			تُؤْبَيْنَ‎ tuʾbayna	يُؤْبَيْنَ‎ yuʾbayna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُوبَى‎ ʾūbā	تُؤْبَى‎ tuʾbā	يُؤْبَى‎ yuʾbā		تُؤْبَيَا‎ tuʾbayā	يُؤْبَيَا‎ yuʾbayā		نُؤْبَى‎ nuʾbā	تُؤْبَوْا‎ tuʾbaw	يُؤْبَوْا‎ yuʾbaw
	f		تُؤْبَيْ‎ tuʾbay	تُؤْبَى‎ tuʾbā			تُؤْبَيَا‎ tuʾbayā			تُؤْبَيْنَ‎ tuʾbayna	يُؤْبَيْنَ‎ yuʾbayna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُوبَ‎ ʾūba	تُؤْبَ‎ tuʾba	يُؤْبَ‎ yuʾba		تُؤْبَيَا‎ tuʾbayā	يُؤْبَيَا‎ yuʾbayā		نُؤْبَ‎ nuʾba	تُؤْبَوْا‎ tuʾbaw	يُؤْبَوْا‎ yuʾbaw
	f		تُؤْبَيْ‎ tuʾbay	تُؤْبَ‎ tuʾba			تُؤْبَيَا‎ tuʾbayā			تُؤْبَيْنَ‎ tuʾbayna	يُؤْبَيْنَ‎ yuʾbayna

Derived terms

• أَبَى إِلَّا‎ (ʾabā ʾillā)

References

• Landberg, Carlo, editor (1920) Glossaire daṯînois‎ (in French), Leiden: Brill, page 12 seqq.
• Lane, Edward William (1863), “أبى”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 12
• Nöldeke, Theodor (1904) Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, pages 66–68
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “أبى”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen