שום

שום

Aramaic

Noun

שום • (šum)

1. singular construct state of שְׁמָא‎ (šəmā)

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Hebrew

Etymology 1

See under שָׂם‎ (sám).

Verb

שׂוּם • (sum) or שׂוֹם • (som)

1. bare infinitive of שָׂם‎ (sam)
   • Jeremiah 42:15, with translation of the English Standard Version:

     אִם אַתֶּם שׂוֹם תְּשִׂמוּן פְּנֵיכֶם לָבֹא מִצְרַיִם

     im atém som t'simún p'nechém lavó mitsráyim

     If you set your faces to enter Egypt

   • Haggai 2:15, with Young's Literal Translation:

     מִטֶּרֶם שׂוּם אֶבֶן אֶל אֶבֶן בְּהֵיכַל יהוה

     mitérem sum éven el éven b'hechál YHVH

     Before the laying of stone to stone in the temple of Jehovah

Further reading

• H7760 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Etymology 2

From Aramaic שֻׁם‎ (šum), indefinite and construct form of שְׁמָא‎ (š'mā, “name”). The determiner is an extension of the noun.

Determiner

שׁוּם • (shúm)

1. Some, any; found chiefly in negative contexts, as well as questions and conditional constructs.

   ‏שום דבר לא קרה.‎‎ ― shúm davár ló kará. ― Nothing happened.

   ‏לא […] בשום צורה שהיא‎ ― ló […] b'shúm tsurá shehí ― not […] in any way

   ‏אין לי שום בעיה עם זה.‎‎ ― éin lí shúm b'ayá ím zé. ― I don't have any problem with that.

Derived terms

• בשום אופן‎ (b'shúm-ófen), בשום עניין ואופן‎ (b'shúm inyán va'ófen), בשום פנים‎ (b'shúm paním), בשום פנים ואופן‎ (b'shúm paním va'ófen)
• שום דבר‎ (shum davár)

Noun

שׁוּם • (shum)

1. Name, sake, purpose, cause; found exclusively, or nearly so, in various fixed expressions.

Derived terms

• לְשׁוּם‎ (l'shúm)
• מִשּׁוּם‎ (mishúm), מִשּׁוּם מַה‎ (mishúm ma), מִשּׁוּם שֶׁ־‎ (mishúm she-)
• עַל שׁוּם מַה‎ (al shum ma), עַל שׁוּם‎ (al shum)

Etymology 3

Root
שׁ־ו־ם‎ (š-w-m)

From Proto-Semitic *ṯūm-; cognate with Akkadian 𒋧 (šūmū), Aramaic תּוּמָא‎ (tūmā), Arabic ثُوم‎ (ṯūm).

Noun

שׁוּם • (shum) m

1. garlic

References

• “שום” in Abraham Even-Shoshan (אַבְרָהָם אֶבֶן־שׁוֹשָׁן) et al., הַמִּלּוֹן הֶחָדָשׁ‎ (ha-milón he-khadásh, “The New Dictionary”), Kiryat-Sefer Ltd. (קִרְיַת־סֵפֶר בְּע״ם)‎ (1984), →ISBN, volume 3 of 3 (ק to ת), page 1339.
• “שום” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
• H7762 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Further reading

• שום‎ on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^he

Anagrams

• שמו‎

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Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew שׁוּם‎ (“some, any (in negative contexts)”), from Aramaic שֻׁם‎.

Adverb

שום • (shum)

1. not at all (intensifies a negative construction)

   ‏איך האָב נישט קיין שום רויז!‎‎

   ikh hob nisht keyn shum royz!

   I don't have a single rose!