ցանց
Armenian
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ցանց (cʿancʿ)
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [t͡sʰɑnt͡sʰ]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [t͡sʰɑnt͡sʰ]
Audio (file)
Noun
ցանց • (cʿancʿ)
- net, netting
- network; chain (series of stores or businesses with the same brand name)
- (computing) network
- սոցիալական ցանց ― socʿialakan cʿancʿ ― social network
Declension
i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ցանց (cʿancʿ) | ցանցեր (cʿancʿer) | ||
| dative | ցանցի (cʿancʿi) | ցանցերի (cʿancʿeri) | ||
| ablative | ցանցից (cʿancʿicʿ) | ցանցերից (cʿancʿericʿ) | ||
| instrumental | ցանցով (cʿancʿov) | ցանցերով (cʿancʿerov) | ||
| locative | ցանցում (cʿancʿum) | ցանցերում (cʿancʿerum) | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | ցանցը/ցանցն (cʿancʿə/cʿancʿn) | ցանցերը/ցանցերն (cʿancʿerə/cʿancʿern) | ||
| dative | ցանցին (cʿancʿin) | ցանցերին (cʿancʿerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | ցանցս (cʿancʿs) | ցանցերս (cʿancʿers) | ||
| dative | ցանցիս (cʿancʿis) | ցանցերիս (cʿancʿeris) | ||
| ablative | ցանցիցս (cʿancʿicʿs) | ցանցերիցս (cʿancʿericʿs) | ||
| instrumental | ցանցովս (cʿancʿovs) | ցանցերովս (cʿancʿerovs) | ||
| locative | ցանցումս (cʿancʿums) | ցանցերումս (cʿancʿerums) | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | ցանցդ (cʿancʿd) | ցանցերդ (cʿancʿerd) | ||
| dative | ցանցիդ (cʿancʿid) | ցանցերիդ (cʿancʿerid) | ||
| ablative | ցանցիցդ (cʿancʿicʿd) | ցանցերիցդ (cʿancʿericʿd) | ||
| instrumental | ցանցովդ (cʿancʿovd) | ցանցերովդ (cʿancʿerovd) | ||
| locative | ցանցումդ (cʿancʿumd) | ցանցերումդ (cʿancʿerumd) | ||
Old Armenian
Etymology
The origin is uncertain.[1][2] J̌ahukyan derives from Proto-Indo-European *skn̥-sko-, from *(s)ken- (“to peel”): compare Proto-Germanic *skinþą, Breton skant (“dandruff”), Old Irish ceinn (“peel, rind”).[3] This is considered unattractive both semantically and formally by Martirosyan, who instead connects ցանց (cʿancʿ) with Latin cassis (“hunting-net”) and catēna (“chain”) and derives all from a Mediterranean substrate word of the shape *(s)ḱats-.[4] For another possibly "Mediterranean" word from the same semantic sphere see թարփ (tʿarpʿ).
A borrowing from the Alanic ancestor of Ossetian цанс (cans) / цасм (casm, “loop, noose, snare”) has also been proposed.[5]
According to Ačaṙean, Laz ცანცა (ʒanʒa, “basket for picking grapes and other fruits”) is an Armenian borrowing.[1]
Noun
ցանց • (cʿancʿ)
- casting-net, seine (for catching fish and other animals)
- 5th? century, Movsēs Xorenacʿi, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ [History of Armenia] 2.85:[6][7]
- Ոչ կարեմ ասել զերգագութիւն ձեռինն, ո՛րպէս անբաւք ի նմանէ յերկիր անկեալ թաւալագլոր խաղային, օրինակ իմն ի գեղեցիկ ցանցորդէ լի ձկամբք յերկիր թօթափեալ ցանցոյն, կայտռէին յերեսս երկրին։
- Očʿ karem asel zergagutʿiwn jeṙinn, órpēs anbawkʿ i nmanē yerkir ankeal tʿawalaglor xałayin, ōrinak imn i gełecʿik cʿancʿordē li jkambkʿ yerkir tʿōtʿapʿeal cʿancʿoyn, kaytṙēin yeress erkrin.
- Translation by Robert W. Thomson
- I am unable to describe the quickness of his arm and how an infinite number [of the enemy] were struck to the ground by him and rolled in the dust. Like a net full of fish emptied on the ground by an expert fisherman, they danced on the surface of the earth.
- Ոչ կարեմ ասել զերգագութիւն ձեռինն, ո՛րպէս անբաւք ի նմանէ յերկիր անկեալ թաւալագլոր խաղային, օրինակ իմն ի գեղեցիկ ցանցորդէ լի ձկամբք յերկիր թօթափեալ ցանցոյն, կայտռէին յերեսս երկրին։
- 5th century, Bible, Ecclesiastes 9.12:[8]
- Որպէս ձկունք որսացեալք ցանցիւք չարեօք […]
- Orpēs jkunkʿ orsacʿealkʿ cʿancʿiwkʿ čʿareōkʿ […]
- as fishes that are taken in an evil net
- Որպէս ձկունք որսացեալք ցանցիւք չարեօք […]
- սփռել զցանց ― spʿṙel zcʿancʿ ― to spread nets
- անկանիլ ի ցանցս ― ankanil i cʿancʿs ― to be caught, taken in a net; to be snared, netted, entrapped
- (figuratively) snare
Usage notes
In the Bible, translates Ancient Greek ἀμφίβληστρον (amphíblēstron, “casting-net”).
Declension
i-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ցանց (cʿancʿ) | ցանցք (cʿancʿkʿ) | |
| genitive | ցանցի (cʿancʿi) | ցանցից (cʿancʿicʿ) | |
| dative | ցանցի (cʿancʿi) | ցանցից (cʿancʿicʿ) | |
| accusative | ցանց (cʿancʿ) | ցանցս (cʿancʿs) | |
| ablative | ցանցէ (cʿancʿē) | ցանցից (cʿancʿicʿ) | |
| instrumental | ցանցիւ (cʿancʿiw) | ցանցիւք (cʿancʿiwkʿ) | |
| locative | ցանցի (cʿancʿi) | ցանցս (cʿancʿs) |
o-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ցանց (cʿancʿ) | ցանցք (cʿancʿkʿ) | |
| genitive | ցանցոյ (cʿancʿoy) | ցանցոց (cʿancʿocʿ) | |
| dative | ցանցոյ (cʿancʿoy) | ցանցոց (cʿancʿocʿ) | |
| accusative | ցանց (cʿancʿ) | ցանցս (cʿancʿs) | |
| ablative | ցանցոյ (cʿancʿoy) | ցանցոց (cʿancʿocʿ) | |
| instrumental | ցանցով (cʿancʿov) | ցանցովք (cʿancʿovkʿ) | |
| locative | ցանց (cʿancʿ) | ցանցս (cʿancʿs) | |
| post-classical | |||
Derived terms
- ցանցարկ (cʿancʿark)
- ցանցեմ (cʿancʿem)
- ցանցիչ (cʿancʿičʿ)
- ցանցորդ (cʿancʿord)
Related terms
- ցանցառ (cʿancʿaṙ) (perhaps)
Descendants
- → Armenian: ցանց (cʿancʿ) (learned)
- → Laz: ცანცა (ʒanʒa)
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ցանց”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 450–451
- Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 957
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “ցանց”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 742a
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2016), “Mediterranean substrate words in Armenian: two etymologies”, in Bjarne Simmelkjær Sandgaard Hansen, Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead, Thomas Olander & Birgit Anette Olsen, editors, Etymology and the European Lexicon. Proceedings of the 14th Fachtagung of the Indogermanische Gesellschaft, Copenhagen, 17-22 September 2012, Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, page 294
- Dalalyan, Tork (2011) Alanian Loan-words in Armenian, Handout, 7th European Conferenceof Iranian Studies, Cracow, September 7–10, 2011
- Movsēs Xorenacʿi (1913), M. Abełean and S. Yarutʿiwnean, editors, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ (Patmagirkʿ hayocʿ; II.1), Tiflis: Aragatip Mnacʿakan Martiroseancʿi, pages 230–231
- Thomson, Robert W. (2006) Moses Khorenats‘i, History of the Armenians: translation and commentary on the literary sources, revised edition, Ann Arbor: Caravan Books, page 233
- Zōhrapean, Yovhannēs, editor (1805) Astuacašunčʿ matean Hin ew Nor Ktakaranacʿ [Bible: Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments], volume III, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 215
Further reading
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1837), “ցանց”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, pages 909–910
- Awgerean, Mkrtičʿ; Čēlalean, Grigor (1865), “ցանց”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 797b
- J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837), “ցանց”, in Baṙgirkʿ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 1409b
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ցանց”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 715a