տիտեռն

տիտեռն

Old Armenian

Etymology

The origin is unknown. Similar in shape to թիթեռն (tʿitʿeṙn, “butterfly”) and բնդեռն (bndeṙn, “a kind of beetle”). The form տիտիոն (tition) found in some manuscripts of the Physiologus is corrupted.

Noun

տիտեռն • (titeṙn)

1. a kind of lizard

   Hypernym: մողէզ (mołēz)

   • 5th century, Bible, Leviticus 11.29–30:[1]

     Եւ այս իցէ ձեզ պիղծ յամենայն սողնոց որ սողիցին ի վերայ երկրի․ աքիս եւ մուկն եւ տիտեռն յոստին եւ մկնաքիս եւ գետնառեւծ եւ կովադիաց եւ մողէզ եւ խլուրդ:

     Ew ays icʿē jez piłc yamenayn sołnocʿ or sołicʿin i veray erkri; akʿis ew mukn ew titeṙn yostin ew mknakʿis ew getnaṙewc ew kovadiacʿ ew mołēz ew xlurd:

     • Translation by Brenton Septuagint Translation

       And these are unclean to you of reptiles upon the earth, the weasel, and the mouse, and the lizard, the ferret, and the chameleon, and the evet, and the newt, and the mole.

   • 5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] 28.2:[2][3]

     Եւ թշնամի է կոկորդիլոս գազանի, որոյ տիտիոն (var. տիտեառն) անուն է, որ թարգմանի քարթոթոշ։

     Ew tʿšnami ē kokordilos gazani, oroy tition (var. titeaṙn) anun ē, or tʿargmani kʿartʿotʿoš.

     • Translation by Gohar Muradyan

       And it [the otter] is hostile to the beast crocodile which is called "great lizard" that is translated քարթոթոշ (kʿartʿotʿoš).

Usage notes

• Attested only in Leviticus and the Physiologus, translating Ancient Greek κροκόδειλος (krokódeilos, “lizard; crocodile”). On this basis, some incorrectly gloss տիտեռն (titeṙn) as "crocodile".
• The Physiologus felt the need to explain տիտեռն (titeṙn) with քարթոթոշ (kʿartʿotʿoš), which means it was not a common word.

Alternative forms

• տիտիոն (tition), տիտեառն (titeaṙn) – variant readings in Physiologus

Derived terms

• տիտեռնական (titeṙnakan)

Descendants

• → Armenian: տիտեռն (titeṙn) (learned), տիտեռ (titeṙ)

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979) , “տիտեռն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 409b, unknown origin
• Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1837) , “տիտեռն”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 876ab
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) , “տիտեռն”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 730a, unknown origin
• Kerestedjian, Bedros (1969) Étude philologique et lexicographique : de 6000 mots et noms arméniens avec des comparaisons de 100.000 mots de 900 langues et des données historiques et géographiques publ., avec une introd., par Kerest Haig avec des index des 900 langues et des 300 auteurs consultés et une liste des errata (in French), reprint of the 1945 London edition, Amsterdam: Philo Press, →ISBN, page 396a, comparing with Persian دد‎ (dad, “rapacious animal, beast of prey”)
• Marr, N. (1904) Teksty i razyskanija po armjano-gruzinskoj filologii. Kniga VI. Fiziolog. Armjano-gruzinskij izvod [Texts and research in Armenian–Georgian philology. Book VI. Physiologus. Armenian–Georgian recension] (Izdanija Fakulʹteta vostočnyx jazykov Imperatorskovo S.-Peterburgskovo universiteta; 5), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 116
• Muradyan, Gohar (2005) Physiologus: The Greek and Armenian Versions with a Study of Translation Technique (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 6)‎, Leuven – Paris – Dudley: Peeters, page 59
• Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 208
• Petersson, Herbert (1926) , “Armenische Etymologien”, in Indogermanische Forschungen‎ (in German), volume 43, issue 1, page 78 of 69–79, connecting with Ancient Greek δρῖλος (drîlos), κροκόδειλος (krokódeilos), Lithuanian dri̇́ežas, Albanian hardhël
• Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879) , “տիտեռն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 703a

References

1. Astuacašunčʿ matean Hin ew Nor ktakaranacʿ əst čšgrit tʿargmanutʿean naxneacʿ merocʿ hamematutʿeamb ebrayakan ew yunakan bnagracʿ [Bible. Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments]‎, Constantinople: G. Pałtatlean, 1895, page 117b
2. Marr, N. (1904) Teksty i razyskanija po armjano-gruzinskoj filologii. Kniga VI. Fiziolog. Armjano-gruzinskij izvod [Texts and research in Armenian–Georgian philology. Book VI. Physiologus. Armenian–Georgian recension] (Izdanija Fakulʹteta vostočnyx jazykov Imperatorskovo S.-Peterburgskovo universiteta; 5), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 36
3. Muradyan, Gohar (2005) Physiologus: The Greek and Armenian Versions with a Study of Translation Technique (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 6)‎, Leuven – Paris – Dudley: Peeters, pages 132, 159