շիճուկ
Armenian
Alternative forms
- շճուկ (ščuk) – Bayburt
- շիջուգ (šiǰug), շդուգ (šdug) – Muş
- սիճուկ (sičuk) – Akhaltsikhe
- սուճուկ (sučuk) – Ararat
- շդուգ (šdug) – Alashkert
- շտուկ (štuk) – Moks
- սուջուխ (suǰux) – Sivas
Etymology
From Old Armenian շիճուկ (šičuk), շճուկ (ščuk). The dialectal forms with շդ- / շտ- (šd- / št-) developed from շճ- (šč-) by the process of deaffrication.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [ʃiˈt͡ʃuk]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [ʃiˈd͡ʒuɡ]
Audio (file)
Noun
շիճուկ • (šičuk)
- whey, buttermilk
- Synonym: շռատ (šṙat)
- (medicine) serum
Declension
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | շիճուկ (šičuk) | շիճուկներ (šičukner) | ||
| dative | շիճուկի (šičuki) | շիճուկների (šičukneri) | ||
| ablative | շիճուկից (šičukicʿ) | շիճուկներից (šičuknericʿ) | ||
| instrumental | շիճուկով (šičukov) | շիճուկներով (šičuknerov) | ||
| locative | շիճուկում (šičukum) | շիճուկներում (šičuknerum) | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | շիճուկը/շիճուկն (šičukə/šičukn) | շիճուկները/շիճուկներն (šičuknerə/šičuknern) | ||
| dative | շիճուկին (šičukin) | շիճուկներին (šičuknerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | շիճուկս (šičuks) | շիճուկներս (šičukners) | ||
| dative | շիճուկիս (šičukis) | շիճուկներիս (šičukneris) | ||
| ablative | շիճուկիցս (šičukicʿs) | շիճուկներիցս (šičuknericʿs) | ||
| instrumental | շիճուկովս (šičukovs) | շիճուկներովս (šičuknerovs) | ||
| locative | շիճուկումս (šičukums) | շիճուկներումս (šičuknerums) | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | շիճուկդ (šičukd) | շիճուկներդ (šičuknerd) | ||
| dative | շիճուկիդ (šičukid) | շիճուկներիդ (šičuknerid) | ||
| ablative | շիճուկիցդ (šičukicʿd) | շիճուկներիցդ (šičuknericʿd) | ||
| instrumental | շիճուկովդ (šičukovd) | շիճուկներովդ (šičuknerovd) | ||
| locative | շիճուկումդ (šičukumd) | շիճուկներումդ (šičuknerumd) | ||
Derived terms
- բուժաշիճուկ (bužašičuk)
- ծաղկաշիճուկ (całkašičuk)
- կաթնաշիճուկ (katʿnašičuk)
- շիճուկաբուժություն (šičukabužutʿyun)
- շիճուկաբուժում (šičukabužum)
- շիճուկային (šičukayin)
- շտուկտիր (štuktir)
References
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 118
Further reading
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1913), “շիճուկ”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žołovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 829a
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “շիճ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 518a
- Orbeli, I. A. (2002), “շըտուկ”, in Словарь наречия Мокса [Dictionary of Moks Dialect] (Избранные труды в двух томах; II.1) (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, →ISBN, page 302
Old Armenian
Alternative forms
- շճուկ (ščuk)
Etymology
The origin is uncertain.
Ačaṙean lists շիճուկ (šičuk) / շճուկ (ščuk) under the unattested root *շիճ- (*šič-, “straining, filtering”), together with շճեմ (ščem, “to seep, drip, trickle or to be full of serosity, of matter”) and possibly շիճ (šič, “grain spoilt by rain”), apparently formed with the suffix -ուկ (-uk), and leaves the origin open.[1] He treats Northern Kurdish şûjî (“whey”), Persian سجک (sajuk, “buttermilk mingled with milk”) as Armenian borrowings. However, later he considers շիճուկ (šičuk) a borrowing from the Persian.[2] The Iranian origin is likely in view of Central Kurdish, Laki سِزِک (sizik), Southern Kurdish سِزِگ (sizig), سِزاو (sizaw), سِجِک (sicik, “whey”), Semnani [script needed] (sizna, “whey”). For the possible ultimate origin see շճեմ (ščem). For the assimilation of ս...ճ (s...č) to շ...ճ (š...č) see պատշաճ (patšač).
Unconvincing native etymologies have also been proposed, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwey- (“to soil; mud; filth”), whence Latin caenum and possibly English whey, or from *skeyd- (“to split, divide”), whence ցտեմ (cʿtem).[3][4][5]
Dankoff derives dialectal Turkish cücük, cıcuk, cucuk, çuçuk (“ferment (starter) in making curds and cheese”), sücük (“fresh cheese in ring shape”), sücük, şuyük, şücük, şüjuk, şüyük, şüjük (“whey”), sücük, şücük, sücüyh, şücüyh, sucüyh (“water flowing from bag after yoghurt is poured in”) from Armenian.[6] If the Turkish words denoting "cheese starter" indeed belong here, then one may also connect Russian сычу́г (syčúg).
Kʿaǰuni has the unsuffixed form շիճ (šič, “whey”),[7] but it is probably spurious.
Noun
շիճուկ • (šičuk)
- whey, buttermilk
- 5th century, Yovhan Mandakuni, Čaṙkʿ [Sermons] :
- Այլ գինի և իւղ, ձու, ձուկն, պանիր, կոգի, կաղտի, բածին, շճուկ, կաթն, խեր, և ձկանմորէ, զայս բնաւ ամենևին չէ օրէն և ոչ վայել է ճաշակել ամենայն ումեք, մեծի և փոքու, արդարոյ և մեղաւորի։
- Ayl gini ew iwł, ju, jukn, panir, kogi, kałti, bacin, ščuk, katʿn, xer, ew jkanmorē, zays bnaw amenewin čʿē ōrēn ew očʿ vayel ē čašakel amenayn umekʿ, meci ew pʿokʿu, ardaroy ew meławori.
- Այլ գինի և իւղ, ձու, ձուկն, պանիր, կոգի, կաղտի, բածին, շճուկ, կաթն, խեր, և ձկանմորէ, զայս բնաւ ամենևին չէ օրէն և ոչ վայել է ճաշակել ամենայն ումեք, մեծի և փոքու, արդարոյ և մեղաւորի։
Descendants
- Armenian: շիճուկ (šičuk)
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “շիճ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 518a
- Ačaṙyan, Hračʿya (1940) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 320
- Walde, Alois (1930), Pokorny, Julius, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume I, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 469
- Džaukjan, G. B. (1967) Очерки по истории дописьменного периода армянского языка [An Outline of the History of the Pre-Literary Period of the Armenian Language] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 262
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “շիճ-”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 587
- Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, § 560, page 116
- Kʿaǰuni, Manuēl (1893), “շիճ”, in Baṙgirkʿ aruesticʿ ew gitutʿeancʿ ew gełecʿik dprutʿeancʿ. Hamaṙōt baṙgirkʿ gitutʿeancʿ ew aruesticʿ ew gełecʿik dprutʿeancʿ hayerēn-gałłieren [Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres. Concise Armenian–French Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres] (in Old Armenian and French), volume III, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 185
Further reading
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “շիճ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “շիճ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy