ձաւար

ձաւար

Middle Armenian

Etymology

The origin is uncertain. Usually connected with the family of Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwas (“barley; cereal, grain”), either as a common inheritance from Proto-Indo-European or a borrowing from Iranian.

Noun

ձաւար • (jawar)

1. boiled and crushed wheat, barley or spelt
   • 13th century, Girkʿ Vastakocʿ [Geoponica] 305:[1]

     եւ զգարին ձաւար արա, եւ կարագով մնշեա, եւ լօշ ա՛ծ ի ներք, եւ տուր

     ew zgarin jawar ara, ew karagov mnšea, ew lōš ác i nerkʿ, ew tur

   • 13th century, Girkʿ Vastakocʿ [Geoponica] 305:[2]

     եւ այլ, յետ վեց աւուր ձաւար գարի տուր

     ew ayl, yet vecʿ awur jawar gari tur

Derived terms

• գարեձաւար (garejawar)

Descendants

• Armenian: ձավար (javar)
  • Kurdish:

    → Northern Kurdish: savar

    → Central Kurdish: ساوار‎ (sawar), ساوەر‎ (sawer)

  • → Turkish: zavar, zaval, zavır, zevar, zavara
    • → Armenian: զավառ (zavaṙ) (Sivas)
  • → Zazaki: savar

References

1. Ališan Ł., editor (1877) Girkʿ vastakocʿ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 207
2. Ališan Ł., editor (1877) Girkʿ vastakocʿ [Geoponica], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 210

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “ձաւար”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 147–148
• Асатрян, Г. (1987), “Язык заза и армянский (Предварительные заметки) [Zaza and Armenian (Preliminary Notes)]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎ (in Russian), issue 1, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 166
• Asatrian, Garnik (2001), “Die Ethnogenese der Kurden und frühe kurdisch-armenische Kontakte”, in Iran and the Caucasus‎ (in German), volume 5, page 60 of 41–74
• Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ձաւար”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 93–94
• Džaukjan, G. B. (1967) Очерки по истории дописьменного периода армянского языка [An Outline of the History of the Pre-Literary Period of the Armenian Language]‎ (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 264
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “ձաւար”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 474b
• Lagarde (Boetticher), Paul de (1850), “Vergleichung der armenischen Consonanten mit denen des Sanskrit”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 4, page 357
• Lagarde (Boetticher), Paul de (1851) Arica (in Latin), Halle: J.F. Lippert, § 310, page 79
• Łazaryan, Ṙ. S.; Avetisyan, H. M. (2009), “ձաւար”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 444
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 393
• Müller, Friedrich (1861), “Beiträge zur Lautlehre der armenischen Sprache”, in Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Classe (in German), volume 38, page 579
• Norayr N. Biwzandacʿi (2000), “ձաւար”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʿ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʿeancʿ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʿ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries], edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 450
• Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ձաւար”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy