խիզախ
Armenian
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Old Armenian խիզախ (xizax).
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [χiˈzɑχ]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [χiˈzɑχ]
Adjective
խիզախ • (xizax) (superlative ամենախիզախ)
- bold, courageous, brave
Declension
nominalized, i-type (Eastern Armenian)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | խիզախ (xizax) | խիզախներ (xizaxner) | ||
| dative | խիզախի (xizaxi) | խիզախների (xizaxneri) | ||
| ablative | խիզախից (xizaxicʿ) | խիզախներից (xizaxnericʿ) | ||
| instrumental | խիզախով (xizaxov) | խիզախներով (xizaxnerov) | ||
| locative | խիզախում (xizaxum) | խիզախներում (xizaxnerum) | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | խիզախը/խիզախն (xizaxə/xizaxn) | խիզախները/խիզախներն (xizaxnerə/xizaxnern) | ||
| dative | խիզախին (xizaxin) | խիզախներին (xizaxnerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | խիզախս (xizaxs) | խիզախներս (xizaxners) | ||
| dative | խիզախիս (xizaxis) | խիզախներիս (xizaxneris) | ||
| ablative | խիզախիցս (xizaxicʿs) | խիզախներիցս (xizaxnericʿs) | ||
| instrumental | խիզախովս (xizaxovs) | խիզախներովս (xizaxnerovs) | ||
| locative | խիզախումս (xizaxums) | խիզախներումս (xizaxnerums) | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | խիզախդ (xizaxd) | խիզախներդ (xizaxnerd) | ||
| dative | խիզախիդ (xizaxid) | խիզախներիդ (xizaxnerid) | ||
| ablative | խիզախիցդ (xizaxicʿd) | խիզախներիցդ (xizaxnericʿd) | ||
| instrumental | խիզախովդ (xizaxovd) | խիզախներովդ (xizaxnerovd) | ||
| locative | խիզախումդ (xizaxumd) | խիզախներումդ (xizaxnerumd) | ||
Derived terms
- խիզախորեն (xizaxoren)
Related terms
- խիզախություն (xizaxutʿyun)
Old Armenian
Etymology
The origin is unknown.[1][2] Petersson connected with the descendants of Proto-Iranian *xaiz- (“to rise, ascend; increase”), whence Ossetian хи́зын (xízyn) / хезун (xezun, “to climb”), Persian خیز (xiz, “to rise”), for the sense development comparing Lithuanian staigùs (“snap; hot-tempered”) from Proto-Indo-European *steygʰ- (“to climb”).[3] For these Iranian words see Abaev and Cheung, the first with a comparison to խիզախ (xizax).[4][5]
Adjective
խիզախ • (xizax)
- bold, courageous, brave
Declension
unknown type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | խիզախ (xizax) | խիզախք (xizaxkʿ) | |
| genitive | ? (?) | ? (?) | |
| dative | ? (?) | ? (?) | |
| accusative | խիզախ (xizax) | խիզախս (xizaxs) | |
| ablative | ? (?) | ? (?) | |
| instrumental | ? (?) | ? (?) | |
| locative | ? (?) | խիզախս (xizaxs) | |
| the oblique cases are not attested | |||
Derived terms
- խիզախական (xizaxakan)
- խիզախեմ (xizaxem)
- խիզախեցուցանեմ (xizaxecʿucʿanem)
- խիզախիւն (xizaxiwn)
- խիզախութիւն (xizaxutʿiwn)
- խիզախումն (xizaxumn)
Descendants
- → Armenian: խիզախ (xizax)
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “խիզախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 363
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “խիզախ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 329b
- Petersson, Herbert (1920) Arische und armenische Studien (Lunds Universitets Årsskrift N.F. Avd. 1, Bd. 16. Nr. 3) (in German), Lund, Leipzig, page 130
- Абаев, В. И. (1989) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow, Leningrad: Academy Press, page 208
- Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 440–442
Further reading
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “խիզախ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “խիզախ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy