-ի
Armenian
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [i]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [i]
Etymology 1
From Old Armenian -ի (-i).
Suffix
-ի • (-i)
- -able
- հասկանալ ― haskanal ― to understand
- հասկանալի ― haskanali ― understandable
- բուժել ― bužel ― to cure
- բուժելի ― buželi ― curable
- ուղղել ― ułłel ― to correct
- ուղղելի ― ułłeli ― corrigible
- հասկանալ ― haskanal ― to understand
- forming botanical names
- ծիրանի ― cirani ― apricot tree
- forming names of tools and utensils
- խնոցի ― xnocʿi ― butter churn
Derived terms
Further reading
- Galstyan, Galstyan (1978) Acancʿumə ew acancʿnerə žamanakakicʿ hayerenum [Affixation and affixes in modern Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press, page 132
Etymology 2
From Old Armenian -ի (-i).
Suffix
-ի • (-i)
- the singular and plural dative case ending of i-declension nouns
- Հայաստանի ― Hayastani ― dative singular case of Հայաստան (Hayastan)
- քաղաքի ― kʿałakʿi ― dative singular case of քաղաք (kʿałakʿ)
- քաղաքների ― kʿałakʿneri ― dative plural case of քաղաք (kʿałakʿ)
See also
- -ու (-u)
Middle Armenian
Etymology
From Old Armenian -ի (-i).
Suffix
-ի • (-i)
- forming botanical names
Derived terms
Old Armenian
Etymology 1
From the Proto-Indo-European *-yo- or *-yeh₂ suffix. Compare the same suffix in Sanskrit स्वप्न्य (svápnya), Ancient Greek δεξιός (dexiós), Latin somnium. The genitive ending -ի (-i) may have the same origin.
Suffix
-ի • (-i)
- forming adjectives
- աղ ― ał ― salt
- աղի ― ałi ― salty
- բարք ― barkʿ ― disposition, temper
- բարի ― bari ― kind, good
- սոսկալ ― soskal ― to be greatly afraid
- սոսկալի ― soskali ― horrible, terrible
- աղ ― ał ― salt
- forming botanical names
- կաղին ― kałin ― acorn
- կաղնի ― kałni ― oak
- կաղին ― kałin ― acorn
- made of
- կտաւ ― ktaw ― flax
- կտաւի ― ktawi ― linen
- կտաւ ― ktaw ― flax
- forming adverbs
Declension
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | -ի (-i) | -իք (-ikʿ) | |
genitive | -ւոյ (-woy) | -եաց (-eacʿ) | |
dative | -ւոյ (-woy) | -եաց (-eacʿ) | |
accusative | -ի (-i) | -իս (-is) | |
ablative | -ւոյ (-woy) | -եաց (-eacʿ) | |
instrumental | -եաւ (-eaw) | -եաւք = -եօք (-eawkʿ = -eōkʿ) | |
locative | -ի (-i) | -իս (-is) |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Armenian: -ի (-i)
- Middle Armenian: -ի (-i)
References
- Gočanean, Pōłos (2011) Dasakan grabari gorcnakan kʿerakanutʿiwn [Practical Grammar of Classical Old Armenian] (in Armenian), Vienna, Yerevan: Mekhitarist Press, page 84
- Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 66
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1998), “-ի”, in Hin hayereni verǰacancʿneri cagumə [The Origin of Old Armenian Suffixes] (Hayocʿ lezvi hamematakan kʿerakanutʿyan harcʿer; 2) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Anania Širakacʿi, pages 5–48
Etymology 2
The genitive/dative/locative marker for i-declension is identical with the -ի- (-i-) stem vowel. In Godel's words, the remaining stem, standing in contrast to the nominative/accusative singular (which lost its stem), was apt to function as a full-fledged case form. According to Godel, in the case of the i-a-declension we are dealing with a Proto-Armenian morphological innovation: the new morpheme was abstracted from the genitive/dative/locative case ending -ի (-i) of i-stem nouns and applied to a-stem nouns, whose original endings had been lost.
Suffix
-ի • (-i)
- singular genitive/dative/locative marker for i-declension words
- բանի ― bani ― genitive/dative/locative singular of բան (ban)
- singular genitive/dative/locative marker for i-a-declension words
- լեզուի ― lezui ― genitive/dative/locative singular of լեզու (lezu)
- աշակերտի ― ašakerti ― genitive/dative/locative singular of աշակերտ (ašakert)
Descendants
- Armenian: -ի (-i)
References
- Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 104