թառափ
Armenian
Etymology
First found in the Armenian–Latin dictionary of Polish-Armenian Stefanus Roszka, quoting a work known only to him, therefore probably written in the Aṙtial (Transylvania) dialect milieu which was spoken by the Armenian diaspora in Romania, Hungary and Poland, some of whom immigrated from Crimea. See also թուխու (tʿuxu) and լոսդի (losdi) with a similar philological context. From this dictionary, the word was adopted in the literary language as the standard designation of the sturgeon.
Considered a word of unknown origin.[1][2]
Compare Romanian turpac (“beluga (Huso huso)”), Ukrainian турпа́к (turpák), Polish turpak (“Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii”), apparently borrowed by a semantic development from dialectal Russian турпа́к (turpák, “one-year-old calf; two-year-old bull calf; young beluga; young sturgeon; magpie”)․[3][4][5][6] Probably all ultimately from Turkic: compare Karakhanid [script needed] (torpi), Siberian Tatar то̄рбаҡ (tōrbaq, “young calf”).[7]
Note also Georgian თართი (tarti, “sturgeon”).
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [tʰɑˈrɑpʰ]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [tʰɑˈɾɑpʰ]
Noun
թառափ • (tʿaṙapʿ) (initially probably only Ardeal)
- sturgeon, Acipenser[8]
- Synonyms: խոզաձուկ (xozajuk), (dialectal) զութխի (zutʿxi), (dialectal) թուխու (tʿuxu), (dialectal) թարթ (tʿartʿ)
- finished 1731, Stefanus Roszka, Armenian–Latin Dictionary , (quoting from an unknown work abbreviated as Ašx. lg.):[9][10]
- թառափ է սայրասուր և յոյժ աճէ ի վեր քան զերկայնութիւն առն
- tʿaṙapʿ ē sayrasur ew yoyž ačē i ver kʿan zerkaynutʿiwn aṙn
- թառափ է սայրասուր և յոյժ աճէ ի վեր քան զերկայնութիւն առն
Declension
i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | թառափ (tʿaṙapʿ) | թառափներ (tʿaṙapʿner) | ||
| dative | թառափի (tʿaṙapʿi) | թառափների (tʿaṙapʿneri) | ||
| ablative | թառափից (tʿaṙapʿicʿ) | թառափներից (tʿaṙapʿnericʿ) | ||
| instrumental | թառափով (tʿaṙapʿov) | թառափներով (tʿaṙapʿnerov) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | թառափը/թառափն (tʿaṙapʿə/tʿaṙapʿn) | թառափները/թառափներն (tʿaṙapʿnerə/tʿaṙapʿnern) | ||
| dative | թառափին (tʿaṙapʿin) | թառափներին (tʿaṙapʿnerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | թառափս (tʿaṙapʿs) | թառափներս (tʿaṙapʿners) | ||
| dative | թառափիս (tʿaṙapʿis) | թառափներիս (tʿaṙapʿneris) | ||
| ablative | թառափիցս (tʿaṙapʿicʿs) | թառափներիցս (tʿaṙapʿnericʿs) | ||
| instrumental | թառափովս (tʿaṙapʿovs) | թառափներովս (tʿaṙapʿnerovs) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | թառափդ (tʿaṙapʿd) | թառափներդ (tʿaṙapʿnerd) | ||
| dative | թառափիդ (tʿaṙapʿid) | թառափներիդ (tʿaṙapʿnerid) | ||
| ablative | թառափիցդ (tʿaṙapʿicʿd) | թառափներիցդ (tʿaṙapʿnericʿd) | ||
| instrumental | թառափովդ (tʿaṙapʿovd) | թառափներովդ (tʿaṙapʿnerovd) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “թառափ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 156b
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “թառափ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 259a
- Lindberg, G. U.; Gerd, A. S. (1972) Slovarʹ nazvanij presnovodnyx ryb SSSR na jazykax narodov SSSR i jevropejskix stran na jazykax narodov SSSR i jevropejskix stran [Dictionary of the names of freshwater fish of the USSR on the languages of the peoples of the USSR and European countries] (in Russian), Leningrad: Nauka, § 2.2.2, page 67
- Lindberg, G. U.; Gerd, A. S. (1972) Slovarʹ nazvanij presnovodnyx ryb SSSR na jazykax narodov SSSR i jevropejskix stran na jazykax narodov SSSR i jevropejskix stran [Dictionary of the names of freshwater fish of the USSR on the languages of the peoples of the USSR and European countries] (in Russian), Leningrad: Nauka, § 2.1.2 (1), page 61
- Usačeva, V. V. (2003) Slavjanskaja ixtiologičeskaja terminologija [Slavic ichthyological terminology] (in Russian), Moscow: Indrik, →ISBN, pages 22–23
- Сороколетов, Ф. П., editor (2012), “турпа́к”, in Slovarʹ russkix narodnyx govorov [Dictionary of Russian Dialects] (in Russian), volume 45, Saint Petersburg: Nauka, page 278
- Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*t`ṓrV”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Łazaryan, Ṙuben S. (2001), “թառափ”, in Kendanineri anunneri hayeren-ṙuseren-latineren kargabanakan baṙaran. Girkʿ D. Jkner [An Armenian–Russian–Latin Taxonomic Dictionary of Animal Names. Book IV. Fish] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Macmillan Armenia, →ISBN, § 61, page 7
- Norayr N. Biwzandacʿi (2000), “թառափ”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʿ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʿeancʿ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʿ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries], edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 220
- Norayr N. Biwzandacʿi (1884), “esturgeon”, in Baṙagirkʿ i gałłierēn lezuē i hayerēn [Dictionary from the French Language into Armenian], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian Press, page 493a
Further reading
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836), “թառափ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 797c
- Koylawean (Goilaw), Awetikʿ (1884–1889), “Hausen”, in Baṙagirkʿ germanerēn-hayerēn [Deutsch-armenisches Wörterbuch], Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 819a
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “թառափ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 214b