-եալ
Old Armenian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *-isālo-, composed of the aorist suffix *-is-ā- and the suffix *-lós. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic -лъ (-lŭ), used in the formation of the periphrastic Slavic perfect, e.g. неслъ (neslŭ), билъ (bilŭ, “beaten”).
Suffix
-եալ • (-eal)
- Attached to the aorist stem of the verb to form its participle.
- մնալ ― mnal ― to remain
- մնաց- ― mnacʿ- ― [the aorist stem]
- մնացեալ ― mnacʿeal ― left, remaining
- մնաց- ― mnacʿ- ― [the aorist stem]
- մնալ ― mnal ― to remain
- Forming adjectives.
Usage notes
Old Armenian had one true participle, the “past” one. See the notes at -ող (-oł).
Declension
o-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -եալ (-eal) | -եալք (-ealkʿ) | |
| genitive | -ելոյ (-eloy) | -ելոց (-elocʿ) | |
| dative | -ելոյ (-eloy) | -ելոց (-elocʿ) | |
| accusative | -եալ (-eal) | -եալս (-eals) | |
| ablative | -ելոյ (-eloy) | -ելոց (-elocʿ) | |
| instrumental | -ելով (-elov) | -ելովք (-elovkʿ) | |
| locative | -եալ (-eal) | -եալս (-eals) |
Derived terms
Old Armenian terms suffixed with -եալ
Descendants
- Armenian: -յալ (-yal)
References
- Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 392
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1998), “-եալ”, in Hin hayereni verǰacancʿneri cagumə [The Origin of Old Armenian Suffixes] (Hayocʿ lezvi hamematakan kʿerakanutʿyan harcʿer; 2) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Anania Širakacʿi, pages 5–48