ան-
See also: -ան and -ան-
Armenian
Etymology
From Middle Armenian ան- (an-), from Old Armenian ան- (an-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Cognate with English un-.
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [ɑn]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [ɑn]
Prefix
ան- • (an-)
- privative prefix, un-, -less
- ան- (an-) + արցունք (arcʿunkʿ, “tear”) → անարցունք (anarcʿunkʿ, “tearless”)
- ան- (an-) + օժիտ (ōžit, “dowry”) → անօժիտ (anōžit, “without a dowry, portionless”)
- forming the opposites of adjectives, un-, dis-, a-
- ան- (an-) + համաչափ (hamačʿapʿ, “symmetrical”) → անհամաչափ (anhamačʿapʿ, “asymmetric”)
- ան- (an-) + համաձայն (hamajayn, “concordant”) → անհամաձայն (anhamajayn, “discordant”)
Usage notes
This is the most common negative prefix in Armenian.
Synonyms
- ապ- (ap-)
Derived terms
Armenian terms prefixed with ան-
Middle Armenian
Etymology
From Old Armenian ան- (an-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.
Prefix
ան- • (an-)
- without; -less
Derived terms
Middle Armenian terms prefixed with ան-
Descendants
- Armenian: ան- (an-)
Old Armenian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.
Prefix
ան- • (an-)
- a privative prefix, without, -less, un-, dis-
- ան- (an-) + տուն (tun, “home”) → անտուն (antun, “homeless”)
- ան- (an-) + յոյս (yoys, “hope”) → անյոյս (anyoys, “hopeless”)
- ան- (an-) + ազատ (azat, “free”) → անազատ (anazat, “unfree”)
Synonyms
- տ- (t-), չ- (čʿ-), ապ- (ap-)
Derived terms
Old Armenian terms prefixed with ան-
Descendants
- Middle Armenian: ան- (an-)
- Armenian: ան- (an-)
References
- Olsen, Birgit Anette (2017), “Part 9: Armenian”, in Kapović, Mate, editor, The Indo-European Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), 2nd edition, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 426
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂en- (“on, onto”).
Prefix
ան- • (an-)
- on, at, upon
Usage notes
Unproductive already in Old Armenian.
Derived terms
Old Armenian terms prefixed with ան- (on)
- անդորր (andorr) (possibly)
- ամբառնամ (ambaṙnam), համբերեմ (hamberem), հանուր (hanur) (possibly, contaminated with (հ)ամ- ((h)am-), (հ)ան- ((h)an-))
References
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 245