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单词 ախազ
释义

ախազ

Armenian

Etymology

A Turkic borrowing: compare Karachay-Balkar агъаз (ağaz), Southern Altai агас (agas), Mamluk-Kipchak اق اص (aq as), Armeno-Kipchak ախ աս (ax as), Tatar акас (aqas, ermine), whence also Moksha акась (akasʹ). These literally mean "white weasel" or "white stoat" and contain the native Turkic words for "white" (compare Turkish ak) and "a kind of weasel" (compare Turkish as, Karakhanid ااز (āz)). For more on Turkic see Sevortjan, who does not mention the Armenian.

Pronunciation

  • (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [ɑˈχɑz]
  • (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [ɑˈχɑz]

Noun

ախազ (axaz) (Ardeal)

  1. ermine
    Synonym: կնգում (kngum)
    • completed 1731, Stefanus Roszka, Armenian–Latin Dictionary , (quoting from an unknown work abbreviated as Kʿał.):[1]
      Նմանին ողջախոհք ախազաց, որք թողուն զինքեանս ըմբռնիլ յորսորդաց, քան թէ շաղախիլ
      Nmanin ołǰaxohkʿ axazacʿ, orkʿ tʿołun zinkʿeans əmbṙnil yorsordacʿ, kʿan tʿē šałaxil
      • Translation by Hrach Martirosyan
        The righteous (people) resemble ermines, which prefer to let themselves be caught by hunters rather than to sin
  2. ermine-fur
    Synonym: կնգմենի (kngmeni)
    • 1636, Simēon Lehacʿi, Ułegrutʿiwn [Travel Accounts] :[2][3]
      Եւ ասին թէ ԺԵ Մսրայ խազնայի չափ զարար եղեւ․ զէրպապչիք, խամղալաթցիք, աթլազ-քամխացիք, պահարչիք, չուխաչիք․ քանի հարիւր խանութ սօֆչիք, խալի, քիլիմ, ապրշում եւ քանի հարիւր թօբ սամուր սարտաւայ, սինճաբ, ախազ, աղվես, եւ այլ ազգ եւ ազգ թույալաթ
      Ew asin tʿē ŽE Msray xaznayi čʿapʿ zarar ełew; zērpapčʿikʿ, xamłalatʿcʿikʿ, atʿlaz-kʿamxacʿikʿ, paharčʿikʿ, čʿuxačʿikʿ; kʿani hariwr xanutʿ sōfčʿikʿ, xali, kʿilim, apršum ew kʿani hariwr tʿōb samur sartaway, sinčab, axaz, ałves, ew ayl azg ew azg tʿuyalatʿ
      • Translation by George A. Bournoutian
        They said that treasuries were lost which equaled fifteen Egyptian treasuries, golden brocades, other fine brocades, fine atlas, spices, felt cloaks, several hundred stores with wool, carpets, kilims, silk, several thousand bales of camel fur, sable, squirrel skins, ermine, fox and other various furs.

Declension

References

  1. Norayr N. Biwzandacʿi (2000), ախազ”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʿ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʿeancʿ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʿ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries], edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 14
  2. Akinean, H. N., editor (1936) Simēon dpri Lehacʿwoy ułegrutʿiwn, taregrutʿiwn ew yišatakarankʿ (Azgayin matenadaran; 141), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 381
  3. Bournoutian, George A. (2007) The Travel Accounts of Simēon of Poland (Armenian Studies Series; 10), Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publishers, page 311

Further reading

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), ախազ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 96b, unknown origin
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), ախազ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Łazaryan, Ṙ. S.; Avetisyan, H. M. (2009), ախազ”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 20a
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “axaz”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 16, offering an incorrect etymology
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), ախազ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, pages 191–192
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