хто
Belarusian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kъto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos-tod, (compare *kʷis). Cognates include Ukrainian хто (xto), Russian кто (kto) and Polish kto.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [xto]
Audio (file)
Conjunction
хто • (xto)
- who
Pronoun
хто • (xto)
- who (relative pronoun)
- who (interrogative pronoun)
Declension
Declension of хто (sg-only)
singular | |
---|---|
nominative | хто xto |
genitive | каго́ kahó |
dative | каму́ kamú |
accusative | каго́ kahó |
instrumental | кім kim |
locative | кім kim |
Derived terms
- не́хта (njéxta)
- ніхто́ (nixtó)
- хтось (xtosʹ)
- хто́сьці (xtósʹci)
See also
- што (što)
Russian
Etymology
Compare Ukrainian хто (xto).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [xto]
Conjunction
хто • (xto)
- (proscribed, low colloquial, nonstandard, Ukraine, Belarus, Southern Russia) who, non-standard form of кто (kto)
Pronoun
хто • (xto)
- (proscribed, low colloquial, nonstandard, Ukraine, Belarus, Southern Russia) who, non-standard form of кто (kto)
- Нухто тебе́ тако́е сказа́л?!
- Nu xto tebé takóje skazál?!
- Who on earth told you this?!
Usage notes
- The term is typical for Surzhyk or Balachka regionalisms.
- Seldom used in writing, only to convey the actual pronunciation of people, e.g. the accent of Don or Kuban Cossacks.
Rusyn
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kъto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos-tod, (compare *kʷis).
Pronoun
хто • (xto)
- who (relative pronoun)
- Хто мат інтерес зачати ся учіти русиньскый списовный язык?[1]
- Xto mat interes začaty sja učity rusynʹskŷj spysovnŷj jazŷk?
- Who is interested in studying the official Rusyn language?
References
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kъto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos-tod, (compare *kʷis).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [xtɔ]
Audio (file)
Conjunction
хто • (xto)
- who
Pronoun
хто • (xto)
- who (relative pronoun)
- who (interrogative pronoun)
Declension
Declension of хто (sg-only)
singular | |
---|---|
nominative | хто xto |
genitive | кого́ kohó |
dative | кому́ komú |
accusative | кого́ kohó |
instrumental | ким kym |
locative | ко́му, кім kómu, kim |
vocative | — |
Derived terms
- хтось (xtosʹ)
- ніхто́ (nixtó)
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “хто”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka