хлопам
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xlopati, possibly onomatopoeic.
Verb
хло́пам • (hlópam) impf (perfective хло́пна)
- (intransitive) to knock, to clap, to rap, to clatter (to produce loud rattling or clanking noise)
- Synonyms: чу́кам (čúkam), тра́кам (trákam), дръ́нча (drǎ́nča)
- ня́койхло́па отвъ́н
- njákoj hlópa otvǎ́n
- somebody is knocking outside
- (transitive) to trample, to slam, to smash (to inflict force with accompanying clapping noise)
- Synonyms: ца́пвам (cápvam), тръ́швам (trǎ́švam)
- хо́пнах си глава́та в ръ́ба на ма́сата
- hópnah si glaváta v rǎ́ba na másata
- [I] have hit my head at the table's edge
Conjugation
Conjugation of хло́пам (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | хло́пащ hlópašt | хло́пал, хлопа́л1 hlópal, hlopál1 | хло́пал hlópal | — | хло́пайки hlópajki | |
| definite subject form | хло́пащият hlópaštijat | хло́палият, хлопа́лият1 hlópalijat, hlopálijat1 | — | — | |||
| definite object form | хло́пащия hlópaštija | хло́палия, хлопа́лия1 hlópalija, hlopálija1 | — | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | хло́паща hlópašta | хло́пала, хлопа́ла1 hlópala, hlopála1 | хло́пала hlópala | — | ||
| definite | хло́пащата hlópaštata | хло́палата, хлопа́лата1 hlópalata, hlopálata1 | — | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | хло́пащо hlópašto | хло́пало, хлопа́ло1 hlópalo, hlopálo1 | хло́пало hlópalo | — | хло́пане hlópane | |
| definite | хло́пащото hlópaštoto | хло́палото, хлопа́лото1 hlópaloto, hlopáloto1 | — | — | хло́пането hlópaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | хло́пащи hlópašti | хло́пали, хлопа́ли1 hlópali, hlopáli1 | хло́пали hlópali | — | хло́пания, хло́панета hlópanija, hlópaneta | |
| definite | хло́пащите hlópaštite | хло́палите, хлопа́лите1 hlópalite, hlopálite1 | — | — | хло́панията, хло́панетата hlópanijata, hlópanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | хло́пам hlópam | хло́паш hlópaš | хло́па hlópa | хло́паме hlópame | хло́пате hlópate | хло́пат hlópat | |
| imperfect | хло́пах hlópah | хло́паше hlópaše | хло́паше hlópaše | хло́пахме hlópahme | хло́пахте hlópahte | хло́паха hlópaha | |
| aorist | хло́пах, хлопа́х1 hlópah, hlopáh1 | хло́па, хлопа́1 hlópa, hlopá1 | хло́па, хлопа́1 hlópa, hlopá1 | хло́пахме, хлопа́хме1 hlópahme, hlopáhme1 | хло́пахте, хлопа́хте1 hlópahte, hlopáhte1 | хло́паха, хлопа́ха1 hlópaha, hlopáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хло́пал m, хло́пала f, хло́пало n, or хло́пали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хло́пал m, хло́пала f, хло́пало n, or хло́пали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хло́пал m, хло́пала f, хло́пало n, or хло́пали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and хло́пал/хлопа́л1 m, хло́пала/хлопа́ла1 f, хло́пало/хлопа́ло1 n, or хло́пали/хлопа́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| хло́пай hlópaj | хло́пайте hlópajte | ||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
- захлопам pf (zahlopam), захлопвам impf (zahlopvam)
- изхлопам pf (izhlopam), изхлопвам impf (izhlopvam)
- нахлопам се pf (nahlopam se), нахлопвам се impf (nahlopvam se)
- похлопам pf (pohlopam), похлопвам impf (pohlopvam)
- разхлопам се pf (razhlopam se), разхлопвам се impf (razhlopvam se)
- хло́пвам (hlópvam) (semelfactive)
References
- хлопам in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
- хлопам in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Čitanka.Info)