харалуг
Russian
Alternative forms
- харалу́гъ (xaralúg) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology
Old East Slavic харалугъ (xaralugŭ), not doubted to be Turkic – being present before the Mongol raids –, but controverted if exactly from
- каралык (qaralıq, “blackness”) referring to the black streaks in the sword, derived from Proto-Turkic *kara (“black”)
- or кара (qara, “black”) + олук (oluk, “channel”) referring to the black streaks in the word, from Proto-Turkic *kara (“black”) + Proto-Turkic *oluk (“hollowed-out tree”).
- or relating to the Qarluq stem, settling on iron mines and powerful.[1]
- etc.[2]
Some have related it as a polnoglasie to the name of the Carolingians, карля́ги (karljági), корля́зи (korljázi), короля́зи (koroljázi),[3] but this seems to be a historical phantasy.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [xərɐˈɫuk]
Noun
харалу́г • (xaralúg) m inan (genitive харалу́га, nominative plural харалу́ги, genitive plural харалу́гов)
- (historical) Damascus steel, or a type of damask steel used in medieval Rus
- Synonyms: була́т (bulát), дама́ск (damásk)
Declension
Declension of харалу́г (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | харалу́г xaralúg | харалу́ги xaralúgi |
| genitive | харалу́га xaralúga | харалу́гов xaralúgov |
| dative | харалу́гу xaralúgu | харалу́гам xaralúgam |
| accusative | харалу́г xaralúg | харалу́ги xaralúgi |
| instrumental | харалу́гом xaralúgom | харалу́гами xaralúgami |
| prepositional | харалу́ге xaralúge | харалу́гах xaralúgax |
Derived terms
- харалу́жный (xaralúžnyj)
References
- Validi, A. Zeki (1936), “Die Schwerter der Germanen, nach arabischen Berichten des 9.–11. Jahrhunderts”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 90, pages 33–36
- More in “Харалугъ”, in Словарь-справочник «Слова о полку Игореве», Leningrad: Наука, 1984
- Гедеоновъ, Степанъ Александровичъ (1876) Варяги и Русь (in Russian), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: типография Академии наук, page 330