-уем
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *-ujemъ, present passive participle ending of ova-conjugation verbs. In Modern Bulgarian, the derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as normal adjectives.
Suffix
-уем • (-uem)
- (productive) Deverbal from transitive verbs in ova-conjugation, forms adjectives expressing capacity, susceptibility, eventuality, or condition: -able
- описвам (opisvam, “to describe”) → описуем (opisuem, “describable”)
- наказвам (nakazvam, “to punish”) → наказуем (nakazuem, “punishable”)
- минавам (minavam, “to pass”) → неминуем (neminuem, “inevitable, impending”) (negated form)
- таксувам (taksuvam, “to tax”) → таксуем (taksuem, “taxable, leviable”)
- (semi-productive) Deverbal from borrowed transitive verbs in Bulgarian -ирам (-iram), forms adjectives expressing capacity, susceptibility, eventuality, or condition: -able
- анализирам (analiziram, “to analyze”) → анализируем (analiziruem, “analyzable”)
- контролирам (kontroliram, “to control”) → контролируем (kontroliruem, “controlable”)
Usage notes
The suffix -уем (-uem) is the historical present passive participle ending of ova-conjugation verbs (> Bulgarian -вам (-vam), -увам (-uvam)). Modern Bulgarian has also developed an alternative suffix -ваем (-vaem) from the historical va-conjugation.
Alternative forms
- -ваем (-vaem)
Derived terms
- -уемост (-uemost)
Related terms
- -ом (-om)
- -аем (-aem)
- -им (-im)
- -яем (-jaem)
References
- St. Stoyanov (1983), “Прилагателни имена от причастия”, in Граматика на съвременния български книжовен език, volume 2, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 150