beden
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbɛdɛn]
Noun
beden f
- genitive plural of bedna
Danish
Noun
beden n
- definite singular of bede
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Noun
beden
- Plural form of bede
Low German
Etymology 1
From Middle Low German bêden, from Old Saxon biodan, from Proto-Germanic *beudaną (“to offer”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- (“be awake, aware”). Compare Dutch bieden, German bieten, English bid, bede, Danish byde.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbɛɪ̯dⁿn̩]
Verb
beden (third-person singular simple present büddt, past tense bood, past participle baden, auxiliary verb hebben)
- to offer
- to provide
Conjugation
| infinitive | beden | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | preterite |
| 1st person singular | beed | bood |
| 2nd person singular | büdds(t) | boods(t) |
| 3rd person singular | büdd(t) | bood |
| plural | beedt, beeden | boden |
| imperative | present | — |
| singular | beed | |
| plural | beedt | |
| participle | present | past |
| beden | (e)baden, gebaden | |
| Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. | ||
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Alternative forms
- bäden
- biäden
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbeːdⁿn̩]
- IPA(key): [ˈbɛːdⁿn̩]
- IPA(key): [ˈbiɛ̯dⁿn̩] 'Westphalian; also ⟨biäden⟩'
- IPA(key): [ˈbɛɪ̯dⁿn̩] in accents that merged /ɛɪ̯ : eː/
Verb
beden
- to pray
Conjugation
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
- weak verb
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English bēodan, from Proto-West Germanic *beudan, from Proto-Germanic *beudaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéwdʰeti.
Alternative forms
- beoden, boden, buden, bieden, beiden, beade, bedden
Verb
beden (third-person singular simple present bedeth, present participle bedende, bedynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative bede, past participle boden)
- To offer, present
- To proclaim
- To command (sense borrowed from bidden)
Conjugation
| infinitive | (to) beden, bede | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | bede | bed | |
| 2nd-person singular | bedest | bude, bede, bode, bed | |
| 3rd-person singular | bedeth | bed | |
| subjunctive singular | bede | bude1, bede1, bode1 | |
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural2 | beden, bede | buden, bude, beden, bede, boden | |
| imperative plural | bedeth, bede | — | |
| participles | bedynge, bedende | boden, bode, ybode | |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants
- English: bid, bede
- Scots: bede
References
- “bẹ̄den, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
From bede + -en (plural suffix).
Noun
beden
- (Early Middle English) plural of bede
Middle Low German
Etymology
From Old Saxon biodan, from Proto-Germanic *beudaną.
Pronunciation
- Stem vowel: ê⁴
- (originally) IPA(key): /beːðən/
Verb
bêden
- to offer
Declension
| Plain Infinitive | bêden | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full Infinitive (Gerund) | tô bêdene or tô bêdende | |||
| Verbal Noun | bêden or bêdent | |||
| Participles | Imperatives | |||
| Present | bêdende | 2nd Person Singular | bêt | |
| Past | gebōden or gebāden | 2nd Person Plural | bêdet | |
| Indicative | Subjunctive | |||
| Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | |
| 1st Person Singular | bêde | bôt | bêde | bȫde |
| 2nd Person Singular | bü̂dest or bü̂̂tst | bōdest or bȫdest | bêdest | bȫdest |
| 3rd Person Singular | bü̂det or bü̂̂t | bôt | bêdet | bȫde |
| Plural | bêden (bêdet?) | bōden or bȫden | bêden | bȫden |
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
- bedd
Participle
beden (neuter bede, definite singular and plural bedne)
- past participle of be
- past participle of beda
Anagrams
- bende, edb-en, EDB-en
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *bědьnъ. Morphologically, from beda + -en.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bèːdən/
Adjective
bẹ́dən (comparative bẹ́dnejši, superlative nȁjbẹ́dnejši)
- miserable
Inflection
| Hard | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nom. sing. | béden | bédna | bédno |
| singular | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | béden ind bédni def | bédna | bédno |
| genitive | bédnega | bédne | bédnega |
| dative | bédnemu | bédni | bédnemu |
| accusative | nominativeinan or genitiveanim | bédno | bédno |
| locative | bédnem | bédni | bédnem |
| instrumental | bédnim | bédno | bédnim |
| dual | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | bédna | bédni | bédni |
| genitive | bédnih | bédnih | bédnih |
| dative | bédnima | bédnima | bédnima |
| accusative | bédna | bédni | bédni |
| locative | bédnih | bédnih | bédnih |
| instrumental | bédnima | bédnima | bédnima |
| plural | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | bédni | bédne | bédna |
| genitive | bédnih | bédnih | bédnih |
| dative | bédnim | bédnim | bédnim |
| accusative | bédne | bédne | bédna |
| locative | bédnih | bédnih | bédnih |
| instrumental | bédnimi | bédnimi | bédnimi |
Further reading
- “beden”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Turkish
Etymology
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بدن (beden), from Arabic بَدَن (badan).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /beˈdɛn/, [beˈdæn]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: be‧den
Noun
beden (definite accusative bedeni, plural bedenler)
- body
- Synonym: vücut
- size (a specific set of dimensions for clothing)
- Ellipsis of beden eğitimi.
- Sizin bedene kim giriyor?
- Who's your PE teacher?
Usage notes
- In the sense "size", beden isn't used for footwear. See numara.
Declension
| Inflection | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | beden | |
| Definite accusative | bedeni | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | beden | bedenler |
| Definite accusative | bedeni | bedenleri |
| Dative | bedene | bedenlere |
| Locative | bedende | bedenlerde |
| Ablative | bedenden | bedenlerden |
| Genitive | bedenin | bedenlerin |
Derived terms
- battal beden
- bedence
- beden cezası
- bedenci
- beden dili
- beden eğitimi
- bedenen
- beden işçisi
- bedenî
- bedenkâr
- bedennur
- bedensel
- beden terbiyesi
- dümen bedeni
- kale bedeni
- sıfır beden
Further reading
- beden in Turkish dictionaries at Türk Dil Kurumu
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “beden”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Ayverdi, İlhan (2010), “beden”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “beden”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 485