bede
English
Alternative forms
- bead
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /biːd/
- Rhymes: -iːd
Etymology 1
From Middle English bēde (“prayer, request, supplication, order, command, rosary, bead”), from Old English gebed (“prayer, petition, supplication, religious service, an ordinance”), from Proto-West Germanic *bed, from Proto-Germanic *bedą (“prayer, entreaty”). Cognate with Dutch gebed and bede, German Gebet.
Noun
bede (plural bedes)
- Prayer, request, supplication
- 1875 March, in Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science, Volume 15 Number 87:
- Thus originated the alms-(or bede-) houses so frequently met with in the retired villages of England.
- 1885–1888, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], volume (please specify the volume), Shammar edition, [London]: […] Burton Club […], OCLC 939632161:
- By Allah thy bede is good indeed and right is thy rede!
- 2008, Time to Ditch St. George:
- […] because miracles had frequently been done at his burial-place, even at the bede-house where he was buried.
- 2011, Where Did Beaded Flowers Come From?:
- Because of the length of the original rosary, it became customary to pay someone, usually a resident of an almshouse, to recite the prayers. These people were referred to as bede women or men, and it was they who made the first bead flowers.
- 1875 March, in Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science, Volume 15 Number 87:
- Rosary.
- 1566, Sir David Lindsay, A Dialogue betweene Experience and a Courtier:
- In Pilgrimage from towne to towne: With offring and with Drilon: To them they bable on their bedes: That they may helpe them in their nedes.
- 1642, William Prynne, A Pleasant Purge, for a Roman Catholike, to Evacuate His Evill Humours, page 20:
- Or doe they use their Bedes alone to finde That tale of Paters which they seldome minde?
- 1870, William Morris, The Earthly Paradise:
- Towards a rude hermitage he made To fetch the priest unto his need, To bury her and say her bede
- 1910, Hilaire Belloc, “The Little Serving Maid”, in Verses, page 39:
- Then the Little Serving Maid She went and laid her down, With her cross and her bede, In her new courting gown.
-
Etymology 2
From Middle English bēden (“to offer”), from Old English bēodan, from Proto-Germanic *beudaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ-. Germanic cognates include Old Frisian biada, Old Saxon biodan(Low German beden), Dutch bieden, Old High German biotan (German bieten), Old Norse bjóða (Swedish bjuda (“command, show”)), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (anabiudan). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek πευθεσθαι (peuthesthai, “ask for”), Sanskrit बोधयित (bodhayita, “wake”), Old Church Slavonic бъдѣти (bŭděti) (Russian будить (buditʹ, “wake”)), Lithuanian budeti (“awake”). See also bid.
Verb
bede (third-person singular simple present bedes, present participle beding, simple past bade, past participle bode or boden)
- pray, offer, proffer
- 1500, The Towneley Plays:
- Sir, a bargan bede I you.
- 1500, The Towneley Plays:
- request, demand, order, command, forbid
- proclaim, declare
- 1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, OCLC 71490786; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, OCLC 890162034:
- A turnement were best to bede.
-
- present, counsel, advise, rede, exhort
- 1450, Merlin:
- They of londone […] boden hem to ben lyht of herte.
- 1450, Merlin:
Derived terms
- misbede
Etymology 3
Unknown?
Noun
bede (plural bedes)
- (mining) A kind of pickaxe.
References
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for bede in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)
- Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, 1911
- Middle English Dictionary
Anagrams
- Beed, Deeb, beed
Danish
Etymology 1
- Via Middle Low German bēye from Latin bēta (“beet”). Compara also German Bete and English beet.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]
Noun
bede c (singular definite beden, plural indefinite beder)
- beet (the root plant Beta vulgaris)
Inflection
| common gender | Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | bede | beden | beder | bederne |
| genitive | bedes | bedens | beders | bedernes |
References
- “bede,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2
Either the Danish noun derives from a now-archaic verb bede (“to castrate, geld, wether”), which derives from Middle Low German böten, or the noun derives from a Middle Low German noun bete.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]
Noun
bede c (singular definite beden, plural indefinite beder)
- wether (a castrated ram)
Inflection
| common gender | Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | bede | beden | beder | bederne |
| genitive | bedes | bedens | beders | bedernes |
References
- “bede,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 3
From Old Norse biðja, from Proto-Germanic *bidjaną (“to ask”). Cognate with Swedish be, bedja, English bid, Dutch bidden, and German bitten. The Germanic verb probably goes back to Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ-, cf. Polish żądać (“to demand”) and Ancient Greek θέσσασθαι (théssasthai, “to pray”).
Alternative forms
- be'
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /beːˀ/, [ˈb̥eˀ] or (formal) IPA(key): /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]
Verb
bede (past tense bad, past participle bedt)
- (transitive) to ask, request (to demand something from someone, with the person as an object and with the preposition om + the thing asked for)
- (transitive) to beg, entreat, implore (to plead to someone about something, with the person as an object and with the preposition om + the thing asked for)
- (intransitive) to pray (to address a divinity, with the preposition til + the addressed divinity)
Inflection
| present | past | |
|---|---|---|
| simple | beder | bad |
| perfect | har bedt | havde bedt |
| passive | bedes | (archaic) bades |
| participle | bedende | bedt |
| imperative | bed | — |
| infinitive | bede | — |
| auxiliary verb | have | — |
| gerund | beden | — |
References
- “bede,3” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 4
From Old Norse beita (“to let graze, rest”), from Proto-Germanic *baitijaną, cognate with Norwegian beite (English bait is borrowed from Old Norse). A causative of the verb *bītaną (“to bite”) (cf. Danish bide).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]
Verb
bede (past tense bedede, past participle bedet)
- (dated) to make a halt, take a rest
Inflection
| present | past | |
|---|---|---|
| simple | beder | bedede |
| perfect | har bedet | havde bedet |
| passive | bedes | bededes |
| participle | bedende | bedet |
| imperative | bed | — |
| infinitive | bede | — |
| auxiliary verb | have | — |
| gerund | beden | — |
References
- “bede,4” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 5
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]
Noun
bede n pl
- indefinite plural of bed
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch bede, from Old Dutch beda.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbeː.də/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: be‧de
- Rhymes: -eːdə
Noun
bede f (plural beden or bedes, diminutive bedetje n)
- plea
- (historical) a tax that was presented to lower-level governments as a petition for a lump sum; raising the tax was left to the lower-level governments
- (archaic) a prayer
Derived terms
- bededag
- bedehuis
- bedevaart
- smeekbede
- voorbede
Middle Dutch
Etymology 1
From Old Dutch beda, from Proto-Germanic *bedō.
Noun
bēde f
- prayer
- plea, request
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
- Dutch: bede
Determiner
bêde
- (Flemish) Alternative form of beide
Inflection
This determiner needs an inflection-table template.
Further reading
- “bede”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “bede (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Middle English
Alternative forms
- bed, beed, beode, bode, boede
- (early) ȝebed, ibæd, ibed
Etymology
From Old English ġebedu, plural of ġebed (“prayer”), from Proto-West Germanic *gabed; reinforced by Old English bedu (“request”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɛːd(ə)/
Noun
bede (plural bedes or beden)
- prayer (the act of supplication)
- prayer (a supplication)
- A command or order.
- A bead from a rosary.
- (by extension) Any bead.
Related terms
- bedeman
Descendants
- English: bead (bede)
- Scots: bead, bede, beid
References
- “bēd(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “ibēd(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Danish bede.
Verb
bede (imperative bed, present tense beder, passive bedes, simple past bad, past participle bedt, present participle bedende)
- (archaic) to ask; request
- to pray
Synonyms
- be
References
- “bede” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse biðja.
Pronunciation 1
- IPA(key): /²beːə/
Verb
bede (present tense bed, past tense bad, past participle bede or bedd or bedt, present participle bedande, imperative bed)
- Alternative form of beda
Pronunciation 2
- IPA(key): /²bɛːə/
Participle
bede
- past participle of beda
References
- “bede” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old High German
Alternative forms
- beide
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *bai, whence also Old Norse báðir.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbeː.de/
Adjective
bēde
- both
Descendants
- Middle High German: beide, bēde
- German: beide
- Yiddish: ביידע (beyde)
References
- Joseph Wright, An Old High-German Primer with Grammar, Notes and Glossary, Oxford, 1888, p. 143.
Old Irish
Verb
bede
- second-person plural present subjunctive of is
Pennsylvania German
Etymology
Compare German beten. Related to English bead.
Verb
bede
- to pray
Serbo-Croatian
Noun
bede (Cyrillic spelling беде)
- genitive singular of beda