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单词 тесный
释义

тесный

Russian

Alternative forms

  • тѣ́сный (tě́snyj) Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic тѣснъ (těsnŭ), from Proto-Slavic *těsnъ (narrow). According to Václav Machek, it is related to Ancient Greek στενός (stenós, narrow, tight), thus making both derive from Proto-Indo-European *ténh₂us (thin).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈtʲesnɨj]
  • (file)

Adjective

те́сный (tésnyj) (comparative (по)тесне́е or (по)тесне́й, superlative са́мый те́сный)

  1. tight, close, narrow
  2. small
    мирте́сенmir tésenit's a small world
  3. (short form only) too tight, too narrow (of clothing and shoes)
    мне э́ти штаны́те́сныmne éti štaný tésnythese trousers are too tight for me

Declension

in the meanings "tight, close, narrow, small":

in the meanings "too tight, too narrow":

Synonyms

  • у́зкий (úzkij)

Antonyms

  • просто́рный (prostórnyj)
  • свобо́дный (svobódnyj)

Derived terms

  • теснота́ (tesnotá)
  • тесни́ть (tesnítʹ)
  • ти́скать (tískatʹ)

References

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), тесный”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. (1993), “тесный”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 240
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