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单词 beat
释义

beat

See also: Beat, béat, and béât

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English beten, from Old English bēatan (“to beat, pound, strike, lash, dash, thrust, hurt, injure”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push, strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to hit, strike”).

Compare Old Irish fo·botha (“he threatened”), Latin confutō (“I strike down”), fūstis (“stick, club”), Albanian bahe (“sling”), Lithuanian baudžiù, Old Armenian բութ (butʿ)).

Pronunciation

  • enPR: bēt, IPA(key): /biːt/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Homophone: beet
  • Rhymes: -iːt

Noun

beat (plural beats)

  1. A stroke; a blow.
    • 1687, [John Dryden], “(please specify the page number(s))”, in The Hind and the Panther. A Poem, in Three Parts, 2nd edition, London: Printed for Jacob Tonson […], OCLC 460679539:
      He, […] with a careless beat, / Struck out the mute creation at a heat.
  2. A pulsation or throb.
    a beat of the heart
    the beat of the pulse
  3. (music) A pulse on the beat level, the metric level at which pulses are heard as the basic unit. Thus a beat is the basic time unit of a piece.
  4. A rhythm.
    I love watching her dance to a pretty drum beat with a bouncy rhythm!
    1. (music) The rhythm signalled by a conductor or other musician to the members of a group of musicians.
  5. The instrumental portion of a piece of hip-hop music.
  6. The interference between two tones of almost equal frequency
  7. (authorship) A short pause in a play, screenplay, or teleplay, for dramatic or comedic effect.
  8. (by extension) An area of a person's responsibility, especially
    1. The route patrolled by a police officer or a guard.
      to walk the beat
      • 1886, Arthur Conan Doyle, chapter 3, in A Study in Scarlet:
        There has been a bad business during the night at 3, Lauriston Gardens, off the Brixton Road. Our man on the beat saw a light there about two in the morning, and as the house was an empty one, suspected that something was amiss.
      • 2019 January 29, Mike Masnick, “How My High School Destroyed An Immigrant Kid's Life Because He Drew The School's Mascot”, in Techdirt‎:
        […] the rise of embedding police into schools – so-called School Resource Officers (SROs), who are employed by the local police, but whose “beat” is a school. Those officers report to the local police department and not the school, and can, and frequently do, have different priorities.
    2. (journalism) The primary focus of a reporter's stories (such as police/courts, education, city government, business etc.).
      • 2020 April, Elizabeth Kolbert, Why we won't avoid a climate catastrophe, National Geographic
        As an adult, I became a journalist whose beat is the environment. In a way, I’ve turned my youthful preoccupations into a profession.
  9. (dated) An act of reporting news or scientific results before a rival; a scoop.
    • 1898, unknown author, Scribner's Magazine Volume 24
      It's a beat on the whole country.
  10. (colloquial, dated) That which beats, or surpasses, another or others.
    the beat of him
  11. (dated or obsolete, Southern US) A precinct.
  12. (dated) A place of habitual or frequent resort.
    1. (Australia) An area frequented by gay men in search of sexual activity. See gay beat.
  13. (archaic) A low cheat or swindler.
    a dead beat
    • 1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter XXVIII, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], OCLC 458431182:
      “If I get away I sha’n’t be here,” I says, “to prove these rapscallions ain’t your uncles, and I couldn’t do it if I was here. I could swear they was beats and bummers, that’s all, though that’s worth something.
  14. (hunting) The act of scouring, or ranging over, a tract of land to rouse or drive out game; also, those so engaged, collectively.
    • 1911, Hedley Peek and Frederick George Aflalo, Encyclopaedia of Sport
      Bears coming out of holes in the rocks at the last moment, when the beat is close to them.
  15. (fencing) A smart tap on the adversary's blade.
  16. (slang) A makeup look; compare beat one's face.
    • 2018, Leah Prinzivalli, “Kylie Jenner Shared a Sneak Peek of Her New Kylie Cosmetics Blush on Instagram”, in Allure‎:
      She made sure to give fans all the details about her beat in the caption.
Derived terms
  • afterbeat
  • backbeat
  • back beat
  • bad beat
  • Balearic beat
  • beat cop
  • beat for nothing
  • beatmix
  • beat panel
  • beat parry
  • beatscript
  • big beat
  • blast beat
  • Bo Diddley beat
  • D-beat
  • deadbeat
  • downbeat
  • dramatic beat
  • drumbeat
  • Eurobeat
  • forebeat
  • heartbeat
  • inbeat
  • march to a different beat
  • march to the beat of a different drum
  • march to the beat of a different drummer
  • march to the beat of one's own drum
  • march to the beat of one's own drummer
  • misbeat
  • miss a beat
  • new beat
  • offbeat
  • onbeat
  • on the beat
  • outbeat
  • police beat
  • popular beat combo
  • pound a beat
  • skip a beat
  • story beat
  • underbeat
  • upbeat
  • walk the beat
  • worldbeat
Descendants
  • → Pennsylvania German: biede
Translations
act of reporting before a rival — see scoop
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
  • (piece of hip-hop music): track

Verb

beat (third-person singular simple present beats, present participle beating, simple past beat, past participle beaten or (especially colloquial) beat)

  1. (transitive) To hit; to strike.
    As soon as she heard that her father had died, she went into a rage and beat the wall with her fists until her knuckles bled.
    Synonyms: knock, pound, strike, hammer, whack; see also Thesaurus:attack, Thesaurus:hit
    • 1825?, “Hannah Limbrick, Executed for Murder”, in The Newgate Calendar: comprising interesting memoirs of the most notorious characters, page 231:
      Thomas Limbrick, who was only nine years of age, said he lived with his mother when Deborah was beat: that his mother throwed her down all along with her hands; and then against a wall […]
    • 1988, Honig, Emily; Gail Hershatter, “Divorce”, in Personal Voices: Chinese Women in the 1980's‎, Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, LCCN 87-18013, OCLC 716396340, page 219:
      The case of a woman named Qu Hua from Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang, illustrates this possibility. She married a worker named Xu Baocheng in 1980, and they got along very well until she gave birth to a girl. Then Xu immediately began to beat Qu, and forced her and the baby to live in a small shack.
    • 2012 August 21, Pilkington, Ed, “Death penalty on trial: should Reggie Clemons live or die?”, in The Guardian‎:
      In this account of events, the cards were stacked against Clemons from the beginning. His appeal lawyers have argued that he was physically beaten into making a confession, the jury was wrongfully selected and misdirected, and his conviction largely achieved on individual testimony with no supporting forensic evidence presented.
    • 2021 March 10, Drachinifel, Guadalcanal Campaign - The Big Night Battle: Night 1 (IJN 3(?) : 2 USN)‎, archived from the original on 17 October 2022, retrieved 6 November 2022, 5:50 from the start:
      The attack also afforded Helena to a front-seat view of literal air-to-air melee combat, as one Wildcat pilot of the Cactus Air Force, who was swooping in to help break up the attack, found himself out of machine-gun ammo; instead, he dropped his landing gear, positioned himself above the nearest bomber, and begun beating it to death, in midair, using his landing gear as clubs. After a bit of evasive action that the fighter easily kept up with, the repeated slamming broke something important, and the bomber spiralled down into the sea.
  2. (transitive) To strike or pound repeatedly, usually in some sort of rhythm.
    He danced hypnotically while she beat the atabaque.
  3. (intransitive) To strike repeatedly; to inflict repeated blows; to knock vigorously or loudly.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Judges 19:22:
      […] the men of the city, certain sons of Belial, beset the house round about, and beat at the door […]
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Jonah 4:8:
      The sun beat upon the head of Jonah, that he fainted, and wished in himself to die.
    • 1625, Bacon, Francis, “Of Envy”, in Essayes:
      This public envy, seemeth to beat chiefly upon principal officers or ministers, rather than upon kings, and estates themselves.
    • 1662 January 1, Dryden, John, To the Lord Chancellor Hyde, line 144:
      Sees rolling tempests vainly beat below.
    • 1850, Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, “Twilight”, in The Seaside and the Fireside:
      What tale do the roaring ocean, / And the nightwind, bleak and wild, / As they beat at the crazy casement, / Tell to that little child?
  4. (intransitive) To move with pulsation or throbbing.
    • 1812–18, Lord Byron, George Gordon, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, canto 3, verse 21:
      A thousand hearts beat happily.
  5. (transitive) To win against; to defeat or overcome; to do or be better than (someone); to excel in a particular, competitive event.
    Jan had little trouble beating John in tennis. He lost five games in a row.
    No matter how quickly Joe finished his test, Roger always beat him.
    I just can't seem to beat the last level of this video game.
    • 1991, Richard Thompson (lyrics and music), “1952 Vincent Black Lightning”:
      There's nothing in this world beats a 52 Vincent and a red-headed girl.
  6. (intransitive, nautical) To sail to windward using a series of alternate tacks across the wind.
  7. (transitive) To strike (water, foliage etc.) in order to drive out game; to travel through (a forest etc.) for hunting.
    • 1955, Jenkins, Robin, The Cone-Gatherers, Canongate, published 2012, page 81:
      The part of the wood to be beaten for deer sloped all the way from the roadside to the loch.
  8. To mix food in a rapid fashion. Compare whip.
    Beat the eggs and whip the cream.
  9. (transitive, UK, in haggling for a price of a buyer) To persuade the seller to reduce a price.
    He wanted $50 for it, but I managed to beat him down to $35.
    Synonym: negotiate
  10. (transitive) To indicate by beating or drumming.
    to beat a retreat; to beat to quarters
  11. To tread, as a path.
    • 1712, Blackmore, Sir Richard, Creation: A Philosophical Poem, book 1:
      While I this unexampled task essay, / Pass awful gulfs, and beat my painful way, / Celestial Dove! divine assistance bring, / Sustain me on thy strong-extended wing,
  12. To exercise severely; to perplex; to trouble.
    • 1693, Locke, John, Some Thoughts Concerning Education:
      I know not why any one should waste his time, and beat his head about the Latin grammar, who does not intend to be a critick, or make speeches, and write dispatches in it.
  13. To be in agitation or doubt.
    • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i]:
      to still my beating mind
  14. To make a sound when struck.
    The drums beat.
  15. (military, intransitive) To make a succession of strokes on a drum.
    The drummers beat to call soldiers to their quarters.
  16. To sound with more or less rapid alternations of greater and lesser intensity, so as to produce a pulsating effect; said of instruments, tones, or vibrations not perfectly in unison.
  17. (transitive) To arrive at a place before someone.
    He beat me there.
    The place is empty, we beat the crowd of people who come at lunch.
  18. (intransitive, MLE, MTE, slang, vulgar) To have sexual intercourse.
    Bruv, she came in just as we started to beat.
    Synonyms: do it, get it on, have sex, shag; see also Thesaurus:copulate
  19. (transitive, slang) To rob.
    • 1900, Fame, quoting Retail Trade Advocate, page 472:
      When one of 'em runs up a bill here, then goes off and deals somewhere else, and dodges me every time he sees me, that's the man I'm after with a sharp stick. [...] Honest people often get into tight places, and we would rather help 'em than hurt 'em then. But some just try to beat you.
    He beat me out of 12 bucks last night.
Conjugation
Conjugation of beat
infinitive(to) beat
present tensepast tense
1st-person singular beat beat
2nd-person singular beat, beatest† beat, beatest†
3rd-person singular beats, beateth† beat
plural beat
subjunctive beat beat
imperative beat —
participles beating beaten

†Archaic or obsolete.

Derived terms
Terms derived from beat (verb)
  • bad to beat
  • beat about the bush
  • beat a dead horse
  • beat a hasty retreat
  • beat all
  • beat a retreat
  • beat around the bush
  • beat as one
  • beat back
  • beat Banaghan
  • beat down
  • beater
  • beat everything
  • beat feet
  • beat hollow
  • beating-heart transplant
  • beat into
  • beat into a cocked hat
  • beat into fits
  • beat into shape
  • beat it
  • beat Jack out of doors
  • beat like a jungle drum
  • beat my neighbour out of doors
  • beat off
  • beat one's brain
  • beat one's brains out
  • beat one's breast
  • beat one's chest
  • beat one's face
  • beat one's head against a stone wall
  • beat one's meat
  • beat one's swords into ploughshares
  • beat one's swords into plowshares
  • beat out
  • beat senseless
  • beat somebody to the punch
  • beat someone at their own game
  • beat someone's brains out
  • beat someone's time
  • beat some sense into
  • beat the air
  • beat the bishop
  • beat the bounds
  • beat the clock
  • beat the cock
  • beat the crap out of
  • beat the crowd
  • beat the daylight out of
  • beat the daylights out of
  • beat the dummy
  • beat the dust
  • beat the hoof
  • beat the meat
  • beat the odds
  • beat the pants off
  • beat the poop out of
  • beat the rap
  • beat the shit out of
  • beat the stuffing out of
  • beat the system
  • beat the tar out of
  • beat the wing
  • beat time
  • beat to
  • beat to a pulp
  • beat to pulp
  • beat to quarters
  • beat to the punch
  • beat up
  • beat up on
  • beat your neighbour out of doors
  • bebeat
  • be still my beating heart
  • burn-beat
  • devil's beating his wife
  • don't that beat all
  • forbeat
  • if that doesn't beat all
  • if that don't beat all
  • inbeat
  • it is easy to find a stick to beat a dog
  • misbeat
  • overbeat
  • put an egg in one's shoe and beat it
  • tobeat
  • to beat the band
  • underbeat
  • wife-beater
  • world-beating
Translations
nautical - to sail to windward
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

From Middle English bet (simple past of beten "to beat"), from Old English bēot (simple past of bēatan "to beat"). Middle English bet would regularly yield *beet; the modern form is influenced by the present stem and the past participle beaten. Pronunciations with /ɛ/ (from Middle English bette, alternative simple past of beten) are possibly analogous to read (/ɹɛd/), led, met, etc.

Pronunciation

  • enPR: bēt, bĕt, IPA(key): /biːt/, (often proscribed) /bɛt/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -iːt, -ɛt
  • Homophones: beet, bet

Verb

beat

  1. simple past tense of beat
  2. (especially colloquial) past participle of beat

Adjective

beat (comparative more beat, superlative most beat)

  1. (US slang) Exhausted.
    After the long day, she was feeling completely beat.
    • 1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 10, in On the Road, Viking Press, OCLC 43419454, part 2:
      I stayed in San Francisco a week and had the beatest time of my life. Marylou and I walked around for miles, looking for food-money.
  2. Dilapidated, beat up.
    Dude, you drive a beat car like that and you ain’t gonna get no honeys.
  3. (African-American Vernacular and gay slang) Having impressively attractive makeup.
    Her face was beat for the gods!
  4. (slang) Boring.
  5. (slang, of a person) Ugly.
Synonyms
  • (exhausted): See also Thesaurus:fatigued
  • (dilapidated): See also Thesaurus:ramshackle
  • (boring): See also Thesaurus:boring
  • (ugly): See also Thesaurus:ugly
Translations

Etymology 3

From beatnik, or beat generation.

Alternative forms

  • Beat

Pronunciation

  • enPR: bēt, IPA(key): /biːt/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Homophone: beet
  • Rhymes: -iːt

Noun

beat (plural beats)

  1. A beatnik.
    • 2008, David Wills, Beatdom, Issue Three, March 2008
      The beats were pioneers with no destination, changing the world one impulse at a time.

Adjective

beat (comparative more beat, superlative most beat)

  1. Relating to the Beat Generation.
    beat poetry

References

  • DeLone et. al. (Eds.) (1975). Aspects of Twentieth-Century Music. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. →ISBN.

Anagrams

  • Bate, Beta, Teba, abet, bate, beta

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin beātus.

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /beˈat/
  • Rhymes: -at

Adjective

beat (feminine beata, masculine plural beats, feminine plural beates)

  1. saint, beatified

Derived terms

  • beateria

Noun

beat m (plural beats)

  1. monk
  • beatífic

Further reading

  • “beat” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
  • “beat”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
  • “beat” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
  • “beat” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English beat.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bit/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: beat
  • Rhymes: -it
  • Homophones: bied, biedt, biet

Noun

beat m (plural beats, diminutive beatje n)

  1. A beat, a rhythmic pattern, notably in music
  2. (music) beat an early rock genre.

Derived terms

  • beatmis
  • beatmuziek

Anagrams

  • bate

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from English beat.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbiːt/, [ˈbiːt̪]

Noun

beat

  1. (music) beat

Declension

Inflection of beat (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominativebeatbeatit
genitivebeatinbeatien
partitivebeatiäbeatejä
illativebeatiinbeateihin
singularplural
nominativebeatbeatit
accusativenom.beatbeatit
gen.beatin
genitivebeatinbeatien
partitivebeatiäbeatejä
inessivebeatissäbeateissä
elativebeatistäbeateistä
illativebeatiinbeateihin
adessivebeatilläbeateillä
ablativebeatiltäbeateiltä
allativebeatillebeateille
essivebeatinäbeateinä
translativebeatiksibeateiksi
instructive—beatein
abessivebeatittäbeateittä
comitative—beateineen
Possessive forms of beat (type risti)
possessorsingularplural
1st personbeatinibeatimme
2nd personbeatisibeatinne
3rd personbeatinsä

Synonyms

  • biitti

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English beat.

Adjective

beat (invariable)

  1. beat (50s US literary and 70s UK music scenes)

Noun

beat m (invariable)

  1. beat (rhythm accompanying music)

Anagrams

  • beta, tabe

Latin

Verb

beat

  1. third-person singular present active indicative of beō

Megleno-Romanian

Etymology

From a contracted Vulgar Latin form of Late Latin bibitus (“drunk”), from Latin bibō (“drink”).

Adjective

beat

  1. drunk

Romanian

Etymology

From a contracted Vulgar Latin form of Late Latin bibitus (“drunk”), from Latin bibō (“drink”). Compare Spanish beodo.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [be̯at]

Adjective

beat m or n (feminine singular beată, masculine plural beți, feminine and neuter plural bete)

  1. drunk, drunken, intoxicated; tipsy

Declension
Declension of beat
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite beat beată beți bete
definite beatul beata beții betele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite beat bete beți bete
definite beatului betei beților betelor

Synonyms

  • îmbătat
  • băut
  • (very formal) în stare de ebrietate
  • (slang) matol
  • (slang) matolit
  • (slang) pilit
  • (slang) mangă
  • (slang) țeapăn
  • (slang) cherchelit

Antonyms

  • treaz

Derived terms

  • beție
  • bea
  • bețiv
  • îmbăta

Rukai

Alternative forms

  • beate

Noun

beat

  1. meat

Volapük

Noun

beat (nominative plural beats)

  1. happiness

Declension

declension of beat
singularplural
nominativebeatbeats
genitivebeatabeatas
dativebeatebeates
accusativebeatibeatis
vocative 1o beat!o beats!
predicative 2beatubeatus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only
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