сила
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *sila, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈsiɫə]
Noun
си́ла • (síla) f
- strength, force, forcefulness
- power, might
- Synonym: мощ (mošt)
- intensity, vehemence
- energy, vigour, stamina
- Synonym: енергия (energija)
- force, violence
- Synonym: насилие (nasilie)
- (law) effect, force, validity
- (military) forces, powers, troops (only in the plural)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | си́ла síla | си́ли síli |
| definite | си́лата sílata | си́лите sílite |
Related terms
- си́лен (sílen)
Macedonian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *sila, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ. Cognate to Lithuanian siela (“soul, spirit”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈsiɫa]
Audio (file)
Noun
сила • (sila) f (related adjective силен)
- force
- strength
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | сила | сили |
| definite unspecified | силата | силите |
| definite proximal | силава | силиве |
| definite distal | силана | силине |
| vocative | сило | сили |
Derived terms
- суперси́ла (supersíla, “a superpower, an ability”)
Related terms
- си́лен (sílen)
Old Church Slavonic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *sila (“strength, force”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ.
Noun
сила • (sila) f
- power, force
- virtue, strength
- miracle
Declension
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | сила sila | силѣ silě | силꙑ sily |
| Accusative | силѫ silǫ | силѣ silě | силꙑ sily |
| Genitive | силꙑ sily | силоу silu | силъ silŭ |
| Locative | силѣ silě | силоу silu | силахъ silaxŭ |
| Dative | силѣ silě | силама silama | силамъ silamŭ |
| Instrumental | силоѭ silojǫ | силама silama | силами silami |
| Vocative | сило silo | силѣ silě | силꙑ sily |
Descendants
- Bulgarian: сила (sila)
- Czech: síla
- Polish: siła
- Russian: си́ла (síla)
- Serbo-Croatian: sila
- Slovak: sila
- Slovene: sila
Russian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sila, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ. Cognates include Lithuanian síela.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈsʲiɫə]
Audio (file)
Noun
си́ла • (síla) f inan (genitive си́лы, nominative plural си́лы, genitive plural сил, related adjective силово́й)
- strength
- вси́лу ― v sílu ― by virtue
- и́зо всех сил ― ízo vsex sil ― with all one's might
- не в си́лах ― ne v sílax ― unable
- не по си́лам ― ne po sílam ― beyond one’s strength
- свои́ми си́лами ― svoími sílami ― by oneself
- сил нет ― sil net ― awfully; to be dying for; to be crazy about
- force
- power, might
- лошади́ная си́ла ― lošadínaja síla ― horsepower
- vigor
- intensity
- efficacy
- energy
- volume
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | си́ла síla | си́лы síly |
| genitive | си́лы síly | си́л síl |
| dative | си́ле síle | си́лам sílam |
| accusative | си́лу sílu | си́лы síly |
| instrumental | си́лой, си́лою síloj, síloju | си́лами sílami |
| prepositional | си́ле síle | си́лах sílax |
Derived terms
- наси́ловать (nasílovatʹ)
- суперси́ла (supersíla)
Related terms
- сила́ч (siláč)
- си́литься (sílitʹsja)
- си́льный (sílʹnyj), силово́й (silovój)
Pronunciation
- сила́: IPA(key): [sʲɪˈɫa]
- си́ла: IPA(key): [ˈsʲiɫə]
Noun
сила́ • (silá) n inan
- genitive singular of сило́ (siló)
Noun
си́ла • (síla) n inan pl
- nominative/accusative plural of сило́ (siló)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *sila, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sîla/
- Hyphenation: си‧ла
Noun
си̏ла f (Latin spelling sȉla)
- force
- strength
- power
- violence
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | си̏ла | силе |
| genitive | силе | си̑ла̄ |
| dative | сили | силама |
| accusative | силу | силе |
| vocative | сило | силе |
| locative | сили | силама |
| instrumental | силом | силама |
Derived terms
- си̑лан
- сило̀вит
References
- “сила” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Old Ukrainian сила (sila), from Old East Slavic сила (sila), from Proto-Slavic *sila, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈsɪɫɐ]
Audio (file)
Noun
си́ла • (sýla) f inan (genitive си́ли, nominative plural си́ли, genitive plural сил)
- force
- strength, vigour
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | си́ла sýla | си́ли sýly |
| genitive | си́ли sýly | сил syl |
| dative | си́лі sýli | си́лам sýlam |
| accusative | си́лу sýlu | си́ли sýly |
| instrumental | си́лою sýloju | си́лами sýlamy |
| locative | си́лі sýli | си́лах sýlax |
| vocative | си́ло sýlo | си́ли sýly |
Derived terms
- збро́йні си́ли f pl (zbrójni sýly, “armed forces”)
- зуси́лля n (zusýllja, “effort”)
- суперси́ла f (supersýla, “superpower, ability”)
References
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “сила”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka