под
See also: под-
Bulgarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pɔt]
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *podъ.
Noun
под • (pod) m
- floor (ground)
Declension
Declension of под
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
indefinite | под pod | по́дове pódove |
definite (subject form) | по́дът pódǎt | по́довете pódovete |
definite (object form) | по́да póda | |
count form | — | по́да póda |
Etymology 2
From Proto-Slavic *podъ. Equivalent to по (po, “upon, at”) + -д (-d).
Preposition
под • (pod)
- under
- below
Macedonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pɔt]
- Homophone: пот (pot)
Noun
под • (pod) m (related adjective поден)
- floor (ground)
Declension
Declension of под
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
indefinite | под | подови |
definite unspecified | подот | подовите |
definite proximal | подов | подовиве |
definite distal | подон | подовине |
vocative | поду | подови |
count form | — | пода |
Preposition
под • (pod)
- under
- Кучето се скри под столот. ― Kučeto se skri pod stolot. ― The dog hid under the chair.
- below
- Тоа е закопано под земјата. ― Toa e zakopano pod zemjata. ― It is buried below the ground.
Russian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.
Alternative forms
- подъ (pod) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)
- подо (podo) (before words beginning with certain awkward consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-))
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pət]
- IPA(key): [pɐt] (before a stressed syllable)
- IPA(key): [ˈpot] (when stressed)
Audio (file) - Homophone: пот (pot) (when stressed)
Preposition
под • (pod)
- with accusative case
- under, below, beneath (movement to beneath a location)
- нырну́тьпод во́ду ― nyrnútʹ pod vódu ― to dive underwater
- положи́тьпод крова́ть ― položítʹ pod krovátʹ ― to put under a bed
- under (beginning to fall under a condition, state or period of action)
- попа́стьпод обстре́л ― popástʹ pod obstrél ― to fall/come under fire
- towards, to
- approaching, slightly less than (a quantitative characteristic, such as weight, age, etc.)
- летпод со́рок ― let pod sórok ― approaching forty years old
- shortly before, towards, approaching (a time)
- под ве́чер ― pod véčer ― towards/in the evening
- под коне́ц ― pod konéc ― towards/in/at/by the end
- in imitation of, à la
- раскра́шенныйпод леопа́рда ― raskrášennyj pod leopárda ― painted to look like a leopard
- га́лстукпод цвет фо́рмы ― gálstuk pod cvet fórmy ― a tie to match the colour of a uniform
- под стать ― pod statʹ ― to match
- for, suitable as
- уча́стокпод строи́тельство ― učástok pod stroítelʹstvo ― land for construction
- оста́вить уча́стокпод карто́фель ― ostávitʹ učástok pod kartófelʹ ― to leave a plot for potatoes
- отвести́ помеще́ниепод музе́й ― otvestí pomeščénije pod muzéj ― to set aside a room for a museum
- ту́мбочкапод телеви́зор ― túmbočka pod televízor ― a bedside table for a television
- земля́под хлеб ― zemljá pod xleb ― ground for bread
- гото́выйпод посе́в ― gotóvyj pod posév ― ready for sowing
- маленькую ко́мнату отвели́под спа́льню ― malenʹkuju kómnatu otvelí pod spálʹnju ― a small room was taken as a bedroom
- корзи́напод карто́шку ― korzína pod kartóšku ― basket for potatoes
- to (a piece of music, the sound of...)
- засыпа́тьпод пе́сню ― zasypátʹ pod pésnju ― to fall asleep to a song
- under, below, beneath (movement to beneath a location)
- with instrumental case
- under, below, beneath (being beneath a location)
- пла́ватьпод водо́й ― plávatʹ pod vodój ― to swim underwater
- под кры́шей ― pod krýšej ― under a roof
- under (being under a condition, state or period of action)
- под руково́дством ― pod rukovódstvom ― under the leadership (of)
- под ви́дом ― pod vídom ― under the guise (of)
- под прикры́тием ― pod prikrýtijem ― undercover / under the cover (of)
- near, by
- Сражéниепод Прóхоровкой ― Sražénije pod Próxorovkoj ― The Battle of Prokhorovka (literally, “The Battle near Prokhorovka”)
- под руко́й ― pod rukój ― at/on hand
- at (an angle)
- под о́стрым угло́м ― pod óstrym uglóm ― at an acute angle
- under, below, beneath (being beneath a location)
Usage notes
- подо (podo) is used before words beginning with certain awkward consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-).
See also
- под- (pod-)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.
Alternative forms
- подъ (pod) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pot]
Noun
под • (pod) m inan (genitive по́да, nominative plural поды́, genitive plural подо́в)
- (dated, rare) hearth, hearthstone
- (dated, rare) floor
Declension
Declension of под (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-c)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | по́д pód | поды́ podý |
genitive | по́да póda | подо́в podóv |
dative | по́ду pódu | пода́м podám |
accusative | по́д pód | поды́ podý |
instrumental | по́дом pódom | пода́ми podámi |
prepositional | по́де póde | пода́х podáx |
locative | поду́ podú |
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *podъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pôd/
Noun
по̏д m (Latin spelling pȍd)
- floor
- пасти на под ― to fall to the floor
- ground
Declension
Declension of под
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | по̏д | по̀дови |
genitive | по̀да | подова |
dative | по̀ду | подовима |
accusative | под | подове |
vocative | поде | подови |
locative | по̀ду | подовима |
instrumental | подом | подовима |
Etymology 2
From Proto-Slavic *podъ.
Alternative forms
- пода (enclitic pronominal form)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pôd/
Preposition
по̏д (Latin spelling pȍd)
- (+ accusative case) under, beneath (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да)
- с(ј)ела је под стабло ― she sat under the tree
- пао је под влак ― he fell under the train
- Antonyms: и̏знад, на̏д
- (+ instrumental case) under, beneath (stationary, answering the question гдје̏/где̏)
- она с(ј)еди под стаблом ― she is sitting under the tree
- под сунцем ― under the sun
- Antonyms: и̏знад, на̏д
- (+ instrumental case) under, beneath (being in a particular condition)
- бити под сумњом ― to be under suspicion
- бити под притиском ― to be under pressure
- бити под дојмом ― to be under impression
- под оружјем ― under arms
- бити под надзором ― to be under supervision/surveillance
- бити под нечијом заштитом ― to be under someone's protection
- бити под нагласком ― to be accented (stressed), to be under the accent (stress)
- писати под псеудонимом ― to write under the pen name, pseudonymously
- бити под заклетвом ― to be under oath
- (+ accusative case) near, toward, in (temporal, with nouns denoting a final temporal segment)
- под јесен ― toward fall
- под крај ― near the end
- под старост ― in one's old age
- (+ instrumental case) during (temporal)
- под одмором ― during the (school) break
- под паузом ― during the (job) break
- под сатом ― during the (school) lesson
- под владавином ― during the reign of
- (+ accusative case) as, instead of, in lieu of
- покушати продати мркву под роткву ― to try selling carrot as radish
- miscellaneous idiomatic meanings
- то је под морање ― that is obligatory
- бацити под ноге ― to reject, throw away
- небу под облаке ― far away
- под ув(ј)етом/условом да ― under the condition of, on the condition that
- под изговором ― under the pretext
- под Загребом ― near Zagreb
- под Велебитом ― at the foot of Velebit, on the foothills of Velebit
- под коровом ― covered/overgrown with weed
- ништа под (милим) богом ― absolutely nothing
- под контролом (wитх генитиве) ― under the control (of)
- под тим(е) мислим ― by that I mean
- бити под антибиотицима ― to be on antibiotics
- под правим кутом ― perpendicular