пафкам
Bulgarian
Пафкане на цигарен дим
Etymology
Probably from the onomatopoeia паф (paf, “poof”) + -кам (-kam). Theoretically, may reflect Proto-Slavic *pavъkati. Attested also in Macedonian павка (pavka).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpafkəm]
Verb
па́фкам • (páfkam) impf
- (intransitive) to exhale, to gasp, to puff smoke or steam
- (transitive, colloquial) to smoke cigarettes (or another smoking product)
- Synonym: пу́ша (púša)
Conjugation
Conjugation of па́вкам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | па́вкащ pávkašt | па́вкал, павка́л1 pávkal, pavkál1 | па́вкал pávkal | па́вкан pávkan | па́вкайки pávkajki | |
| definite subject form | па́вкащият pávkaštijat | па́вкалият, павка́лият1 pávkalijat, pavkálijat1 | — | па́вканият pávkanijat | |||
| definite object form | па́вкащия pávkaštija | па́вкалия, павка́лия1 pávkalija, pavkálija1 | — | па́вкания pávkanija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | па́вкаща pávkašta | па́вкала, павка́ла1 pávkala, pavkála1 | па́вкала pávkala | па́вкана pávkana | ||
| definite | па́вкащата pávkaštata | па́вкалата, павка́лата1 pávkalata, pavkálata1 | — | па́вканата pávkanata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | па́вкащо pávkašto | па́вкало, павка́ло1 pávkalo, pavkálo1 | па́вкало pávkalo | па́вкано pávkano | па́вкане pávkane | |
| definite | па́вкащото pávkaštoto | па́вкалото, павка́лото1 pávkaloto, pavkáloto1 | — | па́вканото pávkanoto | па́вкането pávkaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | па́вкащи pávkašti | па́вкали, павка́ли1 pávkali, pavkáli1 | па́вкали pávkali | па́вкани pávkani | па́вкания, па́вканета pávkanija, pávkaneta | |
| definite | па́вкащите pávkaštite | па́вкалите, павка́лите1 pávkalite, pavkálite1 | — | па́вканите pávkanite | па́вканията, па́вканетата pávkanijata, pávkanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | па́вкам pávkam | па́вкаш pávkaš | па́вка pávka | па́вкаме pávkame | па́вкате pávkate | па́вкат pávkat | |
| imperfect | па́вках pávkah | па́вкаше pávkaše | па́вкаше pávkaše | па́вкахме pávkahme | па́вкахте pávkahte | па́вкаха pávkaha | |
| aorist | па́вках, павка́х1 pávkah, pavkáh1 | па́вка, павка́1 pávka, pavká1 | па́вка, павка́1 pávka, pavká1 | па́вкахме, павка́хме1 pávkahme, pavkáhme1 | па́вкахте, павка́хте1 pávkahte, pavkáhte1 | па́вкаха, павка́ха1 pávkaha, pavkáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and па́вкал m, па́вкала f, па́вкало n, or па́вкали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and па́вкал m, па́вкала f, па́вкало n, or па́вкали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́вкал m, па́вкала f, па́вкало n, or па́вкали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and па́вкал/павка́л1 m, па́вкала/павка́ла1 f, па́вкало/павка́ло1 n, or па́вкали/павка́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| па́вкай pávkaj | па́вкайте pávkajte | ||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Related terms
- пуф-паф (puf-paf, “sound of steaming smoke (from steam engine or chimney)”)
References
- пафкам in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
- пафкам in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Čitanka.Info)