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单词 -ость
释义

-ость

Old Church Slavonic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ostь. Some authors claim that the suffix -ость (-ostĭ) is merged from double suffixation *-ot-tь, but there is a lot of evidence that suffix *-ostь already existed in Late Proto-Slavic. Also, compare Old Armenian -ստ (-st).

Suffix

-ость (-ostĭ)

  1. -ness, -ity; deadjectival nominalizing suffix used to create an i-stem feminine noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a quality.
    • чистъ (čistŭ, clean, pure) чистость (čistostĭ, purity)
    • крѣпъ (krěpŭ, strong) крѣпость (krěpostĭ, strength)
    • мѫдръ (mǫdrŭ, wise) мѫдрость (mǫdrostĭ, wisdom)
    • боуи (bui, stupid) боуѥсть (bujestĭ, stupidity)
    • добль (doblĭ, valiant) доблѥсть (dobljestĭ, valor)
    • горькъ (gorĭkŭ, bitter) горѥсть (gorjestĭ, bitterness)

Usage notes

When attached to a soft (palatal) stem, the variant -есть (-estĭ) is used.

Declension

Derived terms

<a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Old_Church_Slavonic_words_suffixed_with_-%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C' title='Category:Old Church Slavonic words suffixed with -ость'>Old Church Slavonic words suffixed with -ость</a>

Russian

Alternative forms

  • -есть (-estʹ)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ostь

Suffix

-ость (-ostʹ) f

  1. -ness, -ity (used to form abstract nouns from adjectives)
    твёрдый (tvjórdyj, hard) + -ость (-ostʹ)твёрдость (tvjórdostʹ, hardness)
    бе́дный (bédnyj, poor) + -ость (-ostʹ)бе́дность (bédnostʹ, poorness)
    лихо́й (lixój, daring) + -ость (-ostʹ)ли́хость (líxostʹ, bravery, daring)
    гла́сный (glásnyj, open) + -ость (-ostʹ)гла́сность (glásnostʹ, openness)
    ста́рый (stáryj, old) + -ость (-ostʹ)ста́рость (stárostʹ, old age)
    безгра́мотный (bezgrámotnyj, illiterate) + -ость (-ostʹ)безгра́мотность (bezgrámotnostʹ, illiteracy)
    безнадёжный (beznadjóžnyj, hopeless) + -ость (-ostʹ)безнадёжность (beznadjóžnostʹ, hopelessness)

Declension

Derived terms

<a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Russian_words_suffixed_with_-%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C' title='Category:Russian words suffixed with -ость'>Russian words suffixed with -ость</a>
  • -ность (-nostʹ)
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