они
Macedonian
Etymology
Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *onъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɔni]
- Hyphenation: о‧ни
Pronoun
о́ни • (óni)
- (dialectal) they
Synonyms
- ти́е (tíe) (standard)
References
- “они” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
Russian
Alternative forms
- онѣ́ (oně́) – Pre-reform orthography (1918) (feminine only, not masculine or neuter)
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic они (oni), from Proto-Slavic *onъ.
The prefixation of /n/ after prepositions comes from Proto-Slavic forms such as *sъ(n) (sŭ(n), "with", cf. Greek σύν, Latin cum), that originally ended in -n and governed oblique cases. Since the prepositions and the pronouns occurred together so often, it was easy to lose track of which word the final -n belonged to, and the n was reinterpreted as part of the pronouns (Old English an, in the same way, lost its -n except before vowels, and sometimes gave it to the following word, as in English adder from Old English nædre), so that Proto-Slavic *sъ(n) *jьmi became modern Russian с ни́ми (s ními), and this new rule was extended to all prepositions governing any third-person pronoun.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɐˈnʲi]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -i
Pronoun
они́ • (oní)
- (the third-person plural) they
- (the third-person singular, usually humorous or colloquial or dated) they
Usage notes
- An н is prefixed to any third-person pronoun in an oblique case whenever a preposition that directly governs it is immediately in front of it: от неё (ot nejó) (from her), на нём (na njóm) (on him), у них (u nix) (they have), к нему́ (k nemú) (to him), с не́ю (s néju) (with her).
- When the preposition does not directly govern его́, её, их (jevó, jejó, ix) (i.e., when they are possessive pronouns), then no н- is inserted: у его́ бра́та (u jevó bráta) (at his brother’s), о её ма́тери (o jejó máteri) (about her mother), в их ко́мнате (v ix kómnate) (in their room).
Declension
Declension of Russian personal pronouns
| singular | plural | reflexive | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||||||
| m | n | f | |||||||||
| nominative | я (ja) | ты (ty) | он (on) | оно́ (onó) | она́ (oná) | мы (my) | вы (vy) | они́5 (oní) | |||
| genitive | меня́ (menjá) | тебя́ (tebjá) | его́, него́1 2 (jevó, nevó1 2) | её6, неё1 (jejó6, nejó1) | нас (nas) | вас (vas) | их, них1 (ix, nix1) | себя́ (sebjá) | |||
| dative | мне (mne) | тебе́ (tebé) | ему́, нему́1 (jemú, nemú1) | ей, ней1 (jej, nej1) | нам (nam) | вам (vam) | им, ним1 (im, nim1) | себе́ (sebé) | |||
| accusative | меня́ (menjá) | тебя́ (tebjá) | его́, него́1 2 (jevó, nevó1 2) | её, неё1 (jejó, nejó1) | нас (nas) | вас (vas) | их, них1 (ix, nix1) | себя́ (sebjá) | |||
| instrumental | мной, мно́ю4 (mnoj, mnóju4) | тобо́й, тобо́ю4 (tobój, tobóju4) | им, ним1 (im, nim1) | ей, е́ю4, ней1, не́ю1 4 (jej, jéju4, nej1, néju1 4) | на́ми (námi) | ва́ми (vámi) | и́ми, ни́ми1 (ími, ními1) | собо́й, собо́ю4 (sobój, sobóju4) | |||
| prepositional3 | мне (mne) | тебе́ (tebé) | нём1 (njom1) | ней1 (nej1) | нас (nas) | вас (vas) | них1 (nix1) | себе́ (sebé) | |||
| |||||||||||
Pre-1918 declension of Russian personal pronouns
| singular | plural | reflexive | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||||||
| m | n | f | m or n | f | ||||||||
| nominative | я (ja) | ты (ty) | онъ (on) | оно́ (onó) | она́ (oná) | мы (my) | вы (vy) | они́ (oní) | онѣ́ (oně́) | |||
| genitive | меня́ (menjá) | тебя́ (tebjá) | его́, него́1 2 (jegó, negó1 2) | ея́, нея́1 (jejá, nejá1) | насъ (nas) | васъ (vas) | ихъ, нихъ1 (ix, nix1) | себя́ (sebjá) | ||||
| dative | мнѣ (mně) | тебѣ́ (tebě́) | ему́, нему́1 (jemú, nemú1) | ей, ней1 (jej, nej1) | намъ (nam) | вамъ (vam) | им, ним1 (im, nim1) | себѣ́ (sebě́) | ||||
| accusative | меня́ (menjá) | тебя́ (tebjá) | его́, него́1 2 (jegó, negó1 2) | её, неё1 (jejó, nejó1) | насъ (nas) | васъ (vas) | ихъ, нихъ1 (ix, nix1) | себя́ (sebjá) | ||||
| instrumental | мной, мно́ю (mnoj, mnóju4) | тобо́й, тобо́ю (tobój, tobóju4) | им, ним1 (im, nim1) | ей, е́ю4, ней1, не́ю1 4 (jej, jéju4, nej1, néju1 4) | на́ми (námi) | ва́ми (vámi) | и́ми, ни́ми1 (ími, ními1) | собо́й, собо́ю4 (sobój, sobóju4) | ||||
| prepositional3 | мнѣ (mně) | тебѣ́ (tebě́) | нёмъ1 (njom1) | ней1 (nej1) | насъ (nas) | васъ (vas) | нихъ1 (nix1) | себѣ́ (sebě́) | ||||
| ||||||||||||
Related terms
- свой (svoj)
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ǒni/
- Hyphenation: о‧ни
Pronoun
о̀ни (Latin spelling òni)
- they (nominative plural of о̑н (“he”))
Declension
Inflection of 3rd-person pronouns
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| nominative | о̑н | о̀на | о̀но | о̀ни | о̀не | о̀на |
| genitive | ње̏га, га | ње̑, је | ње̏га, га | њи̑х, их | њи̑х, их | њи̑х, их |
| dative | ње̏му, му | њо̑ј, јој | ње̏му, му | њи̏ма, им | њи̏ма, им | њи̏ма, им |
| accusative | ње̏га, га, њ | њу̑, ју, је, њу | ње̏га, га, њ | њи̑х, их | њи̑х, их | њи̑х, их |
| vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| locative | ње̏м, ње̏му | њо̑ј | ње̏м, ње̏му | њи̏ма | њи̏ма | њи̏ма |
| instrumental | њи̑м, њи́ме | њо̑м, њо́ме | њи̑м, њи́ме | њи̏ма | њи̏ма | њи̏ма |