он
Adyghe
Alternative forms
- уэн (wen) (Kabardian)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [wan]
Verb
он • (won) (??? please indicate transitivity!)
- to hit someone or something physically and directly (not by throwing for example)
- кӏалэр дэпкъым ео
- kʼaaler depqəm jewo
- the boy is hitting the wall. (transitive)
- усэоныу уфая?
- wusewonəwu wufaajaa?
- Do you want me to hit you? (transitive)
- Кӏалэм уемэу
- Kʼaalem wujemewu
- Don't hit the boy. (transitive)
- А кӏалэхэр къуотых
- Aa kʼaalexer qʷuwotəx
- Those boys will hit you. (transitive)
- Кӏалэр мао
- Kʼaaler maawo
- The boy is hitting. (intransitive)
- to eat with gusto
- нэкӏо пицэ ткъеот
- nekʷʼo piice tqeewot
- Let's eat a pizza! (with gusto) (transitive)
- пицэ укъеота?
- piice wuqeewotaa?
- Are you going to eat a pizza? (with gusto) (transitive)
- кӏалэр пицэ ео
- kʼaaler piice jewo
- The boy is eating a pizza (with gusto) (transitive)
- to play music
- кӏалэр гитарым къео
- kʼaaler ɣiitaarəm qeewo
- the boy is playing the guitar (transitive)
- пяноуым шъукъеуа?
- pjaanoowəm šʷuqeewaa?
- Do you (plural) play the piano? (transitive)
- пшынэм еу
- pšənem jewu
- Play the accordion. (transitive)
- to shake (milk)
- to shoot (кӏэрахъомкӏэ еон)
- кӏалэр кӏэрахъомкӏэ ео тгъужъым
- kʼaaler kʼeraaχʷomkʼe jewo tğʷuẑəm
- The boy is shooting the wolf with the gun. (transitive)
- to spend money thriftily
- to sting
- to weed
- to smoke
- лӏэр хьащищ ео
- lˢʼer ḥaaśiiś jewo
- The man is smoking hashish. (transitive)
- (mathematics) to multiply
- щым плӏыкӏэ уеомэ пшӏыкӏутӏу къычӏэкьижьыт
- śəm plˢʼəkʼe wujewome pšʼəkʷʼutʷʼu qəĉʼekʲiiźət
- If you multiply three times four it will make twelve. (transitive)
Conjugation
Transitive:
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
to me (къысешӏэ) | to you (къуешӏэ) | to him (решӏэ) | to us (къытешӏэ) | to you (къышъуешӏэ) | to them (ярешӏэ) | ||
singular 1st person | present | сызэо | усэо | сео | - | шъусэо | сао |
past | сызэуагъ | усэуагъ | сеуагъ | - | шъусэуагъ | сауагъ | |
future | сызэощт | усэощт | сеощт | - | шъусэощт | саощт | |
singular 2st person | present | укъысэо | узэо | уео | укъытэо | - | уао |
past | укъысэуагъ | узэуагъ | уеуагъ | укъытэуагъ | - | уауагъ | |
future | укъысэощт | узэощт | уеощт | укъытэощт | - | уаощт | |
singular 3st person | present | къысэо | къоо | ео | къытэо | къышъоо | яо |
past | къысэуагъ | къоуагъ | еуагъ | къытэуагъ | къышъоуагъ | яуагъ | |
future | къысэощт | къоощт | еощт | къытэощт | къышъоощт | яощт | |
plural 1st person | present | - | утэо | тео | тызэо | шъутэо | тао |
past | - | утэуагъ | теуагъ | тызэуагъ | шъутэуагъ | тауагъ | |
future | - | утэощт | теощт | тызэощт | шъутэощт | таощт | |
plural 2st person | present | шъукъысэо | - | шъео | шъукъытэо | шъузэо | шъуао |
past | шъукъысэуагъ | - | шъеуагъ | шъукъытэуагъ | шъузэуагъ | шъуауагъ | |
future | шъукъысэощт | - | шъеощт | шъукъытэощт | шъузэощт | шъуаощт | |
plural 3st person | present | къысэох | къоох | еох | къытэох | къышъоох | яох |
past | къысэогъэх | къоогъэх | еогъэх | къытэогъэх | къышъоогъэх | яогъэх | |
future | къысэощтых | къоощтых | еощтых | къытэощтых | къышъоощтых | яощтых |
Intransitive:
monovalent | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
subject | singular | plural | |||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
сэо | оо | мао | тэо | шъоо | маох | ||
bivalent | |||||||
subject object | singular | plural | |||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
singular | 1st person | сызэуажьы | укъысэуа | къысэуа | - | шъукъысэуа | къысэуах |
2nd person | усэуа | узэуажьы | къыоуа | утэуа | - | къыоуах | |
3rd person | сеуа | уеуа | еуа | теуа | шъуеуа | еуах | |
plural | 1st person | - | укъытэуа | къытэуа | тызэуажьы | шъукъытэуа | къытэуах |
2nd person | шъусэуа | - | къышъоуа | шъутэуа | шъузэуажьы | къышъоуах | |
3rd person | сауа | уауа | ауа | тауа | шъуауа | ауах |
Conjugation
Prefix | Meaning | Word |
---|---|---|
те | on | теон |
чӏэ | under | чӏэон |
дэ | inside another object | дэон |
хэ | through | хэон |
и | inside | ион |
ӏу | around | ӏуон |
пы | hanging/attached | пыон |
къо | behind | къоон |
го | besides | гоон |
бгъодэ | besides | бгъодэон |
шъхьадэ | over | шъхьадэон |
шъхьапыры | over beyond | шъхьапырыон |
кӏэлъыры | adjutant | кӏэлъырыон |
зэкӏэ | backward | зэкӏэон |
зэбгыры | scatter | зэбгырыон |
жэхэ | unto | жэхэон |
жэдэ | toward mouth | жэдэон |
кӏоцӏы | within inside | кӏоцӏыон |
лъы | toward | лъыон |
See also
- мэон
- гъэон
- еон
Azerbaijani
Numeral
он
- Cyrillic spelling of on (“ten”)
Bashkir
![](Images/wiktionary/Flours.jpg.webp)
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ūn (“flour”).
Cognate with Kazakh ұн (ūn, “flour”), Kyrgyz ун (un, “flour”), Uzbek un (“flour”), Khakas ун (un, “flour”), Turkish un (“flour”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʊ̞n/
- Hyphenation: он (one syllable)
Noun
он • (on)
- flour
- Арыш оно.
- Arış ono.
- Rye flour.
- Баҙарҙан ике тоҡ он һатып алдым.
- Baðarðan ike toq on hatıp aldım.
- I bought two sacks of flour at the marketplace.
- Табаҡҡа биш йомортҡа һытығыҙ, ондо ҡушып болғағыҙ.
- Tabaqqa biş yomortqa hıtığıð, ondo quşıp bolğağıð.
- Crack five eggs into the bowl, add flour and stir.
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
absolute | он (on) | ондар (ondar) |
definite genitive | ондоң (ondoŋ) | ондарҙың (ondarðıŋ) |
dative | онға (onğa) | ондарға (ondarğa) |
definite accusative | ондо (ondo) | ондарҙы (ondarðı) |
locative | онда (onda) | ондарҙа (ondarða) |
ablative | ондан (ondan) | ондарҙан (ondarðan) |
Buryat
Etymology
From Proto-Mongolic *on.
Noun
он • (on)
- year
Chulym
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Cognates include Turkish on, Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (on, “ten”), etc.
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten
References
- А. Ф. кондияков, В. М. Лемская , Чулымский Язык , Д. Пасечное тюхтетского района красноярского края 2007-2021 гг.
Kalmyk
Etymology
From Proto-Mongolic *on.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /on/
Noun
он • (on) (Clear script spelling ᡆᠨ (on))
- year
See also
- җил (jil)
Karachay-Balkar
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten
Kazakh
Cyrillic | он (on) |
---|---|
Arabic | ون |
Latin |
< 9 | 10 | 11 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : он (on) Ordinal : оныншы (onynşy) | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Cognates include Turkish on, Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (on, “ten”), etc.
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten
- он адам
- on adam
- ten people
Khakas
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”).
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten
Komi-Permyak
Etymology
From Proto-Permic *on, from Proto-Uralic *adema. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian ун (un) and Udmurt ум (um).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈon/
- Hyphenation: он
Noun
он • (on)
- sleep
- dream
Komi-Zyrian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈon/, [ˈo̞n]
- Hyphenation: он
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
он • (on)
- second-person present/future of оз (oz)
Etymology 2
From Old Komi *𐍞𐍝 (*ôn), from Proto-Permic *on, from Proto-Uralic *adema. Cognates include Hungarian álom and Eastern Mari омо (omo).
Noun
он • (on)
- (dialectal) Alternative form of ун (un, “dream”)
Declension
Declension of он (stem: онм-) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | он (on) | онъяс (onjas) | |
accusative | I* | он (on) | онъяс (onjas) |
II* | онмӧс (onmös) | онъясӧс (onjasös) | |
instrumental | онмӧн (onmön) | онъясӧн (onjasön) | |
comitative | онкӧд (onköd) | онъяскӧд (onjasköd) | |
caritive | онтӧг (ontög) | онъястӧг (onjastög) | |
consecutive | онла (onla) | онъясла (onjasla) | |
genitive | онлӧн (onlön) | онъяслӧн (onjaslön) | |
ablative | онлысь (onlysʹ) | онъяслысь (onjaslysʹ) | |
dative | онлы (only) | онъяслы (onjasly) | |
inessive | онмын (onmyn) | онъясын (onjasyn) | |
elative | онмысь (onmysʹ) | онъясысь (onjasysʹ) | |
illative | онмӧ (onmö) | онъясӧ (onjasö) | |
egressive | онсянь (onsʹanʹ) | онъяссянь (onjassʹanʹ) | |
approximative | онлань (onlanʹ) | онъяслань (onjaslanʹ) | |
terminative | онмӧдз (onmödzʹ) | онъясӧдз (onjasödzʹ) | |
prolative | I | онмӧд (onmöd) | онъясӧд (onjasöd) |
II | онті (onti) | онъясті (onjasti) | |
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. |
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References
- A. I. Podorova, editor (1948) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], Syktyvkar: Коми Государственное Издательство, page 143
- L. M. Beznosikova; E. A. Ajbabina; R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 454
Kumyk
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten
Kyrgyz
< 9 | 10 | 11 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : он (on) Ordinal : онунчу (onunçu) | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Cognates include Turkish on, Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (on, “ten”), etc.
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten
Macedonian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *onъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɔn]
- Rhymes: -ɔn
Pronoun
он • (on)
- (dialectal) he
Synonyms
- тој (toj) (standard)
Mongolian
Etymology
From Proto-Mongolic *hon.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɔŋ/
- Syllabification: он (1 syllable)
Noun
он • (on)
- year
See also
- жил (žil)
Russian
Alternative forms
- онъ (on) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic онъ (onŭ), from Proto-Slavic *onъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [on]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -on
Pronoun
он • (on) (feminine counterpart она́, neuter counterpart оно́)
- third-person masculine singular pronoun: he, it.
Usage notes
- Whenever a preposition stands immediately before any of the oblique cases of the third-person pronoun (singular or plural) and directly governs it, then an н- must be prefixed to the pronoun: от него́ (ot nevó) (from him), на нём (na njóm) (on him), у него́ (u nevó) (he has), к нему́ (k nemú) (to him), с ним (s nim) (with him).
- This comes from Proto-Slavic prepositions such as *sъ(n) (sŭ(n), "with", cf. Greek σύν, Latin cum), that originally ended in -n and governed oblique cases. Since the prepositions and the pronouns occurred together so often, it was easy to lose track of which word the final -n belonged to, and the n was reinterpreted as part of the pronouns (Old English an, in the same way, lost its -n except before vowels, and sometimes gave it to the following word, as in English adder from Old English nædre), so that Proto-Slavic *sъ(n) *jьmi became modern Russian с ни́ми (s ními), and this new rule was extended to all prepositions governing any third-person pronoun.
- Note that if the preposition does not directly govern его́ (jevó) (i.e., when его is a possessive pronoun), then н- is not prefixed: у его́ бра́та (u jevó bráta) (at his brother’s), от его́ ма́тери (ot jevó máteri) (from his mother), в его́ ко́мнате (v jevó kómnate) (in his room).
- When there is another word separating a preposition and any oblique case of он, the н- is not added: у самого́ его́ (u samovó jevó) (with him himself).
Declension
singular | plural | reflexive | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||||||
m | n | f | |||||||||
nominative | я (ja) | ты (ty) | он (on) | оно́ (onó) | она́ (oná) | мы (my) | вы (vy) | они́5 (oní) | |||
genitive | меня́ (menjá) | тебя́ (tebjá) | его́, него́1 2 (jevó, nevó1 2) | её6, неё1 (jejó6, nejó1) | нас (nas) | вас (vas) | их, них1 (ix, nix1) | себя́ (sebjá) | |||
dative | мне (mne) | тебе́ (tebé) | ему́, нему́1 (jemú, nemú1) | ей, ней1 (jej, nej1) | нам (nam) | вам (vam) | им, ним1 (im, nim1) | себе́ (sebé) | |||
accusative | меня́ (menjá) | тебя́ (tebjá) | его́, него́1 2 (jevó, nevó1 2) | её, неё1 (jejó, nejó1) | нас (nas) | вас (vas) | их, них1 (ix, nix1) | себя́ (sebjá) | |||
instrumental | мной, мно́ю4 (mnoj, mnóju4) | тобо́й, тобо́ю4 (tobój, tobóju4) | им, ним1 (im, nim1) | ей, е́ю4, ней1, не́ю1 4 (jej, jéju4, nej1, néju1 4) | на́ми (námi) | ва́ми (vámi) | и́ми, ни́ми1 (ími, ními1) | собо́й, собо́ю4 (sobój, sobóju4) | |||
prepositional3 | мне (mne) | тебе́ (tebé) | нём1 (njom1) | ней1 (nej1) | нас (nas) | вас (vas) | них1 (nix1) | себе́ (sebé) | |||
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Related terms
- его́ (jevó)
- свой (svoj)
Rusyn
Etymology
From Old East Slavic онъ (onŭ), from Proto-Slavic *onъ.
Pronoun
он • (on) (feminine вна́, neuter вно́)
- he
- Ани он, ани его сочасникы не поважовали тогочасный церковнославянскый язык за чужородный.
- Any on, any eho sočasnykŷ ne považovaly tohočasnŷj cerkovnoslavjanskŷj jazŷk za čužorodnŷj.
- He or his contemporaries did not consider Church Slavonic of that time as a foreign language.
Related terms
- ёго́ (johó)
- свій (svij)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *onъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ôːn/
Pronoun
о̑н (Latin spelling ȏn)
- he
Declension
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
nominative | о̑н | о̀на | о̀но | о̀ни | о̀не | о̀на |
genitive | ње̏га, га | ње̑, је | ње̏га, га | њи̑х, их | њи̑х, их | њи̑х, их |
dative | ње̏му, му | њо̑ј, јој | ње̏му, му | њи̏ма, им | њи̏ма, им | њи̏ма, им |
accusative | ње̏га, га, њ | њу̑, ју, је, њу | ње̏га, га, њ | њи̑х, их | њи̑х, их | њи̑х, их |
vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — |
locative | ње̏м, ње̏му | њо̑ј | ње̏м, ње̏му | њи̏ма | њи̏ма | њи̏ма |
instrumental | њи̑м, њи́ме | њо̑м, њо́ме | њи̑м, њи́ме | њи̏ма | њи̏ма | њи̏ма |
Shor
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Cognates include Turkish on, Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (on, “ten”), etc.
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten
References
* Шорско-русский и русско-шорский словарь 1993
Southern Altai
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Cognate with Kazakh он (on), Kumyk он (on), Azerbaijani on Turkish on, Shor он, etc.
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten
Related terms
- онынчы (onïnčï)
Tajik
Etymology
From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭭 (ān, “that, he”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɔːn/
Determiner
Dari | آن |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | он (on) |
он • (on)
- that
Pronoun
Dari | آن |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | он (on) |
он • (on)
- that
- it
- she
- he
Tuvan
< 9 | 10 | 11 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : он (on) Ordinal : онгу (ongu) | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Cognate with Turkish on.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɔ̃n/
Numeral
он • (on)
- ten