-ний
See also: НИИ and ний
Mongolian
Mongolian | Cyrillic |
---|---|
᠊ᠨ ᠦ (-n-ü) | -ний (-nii) |
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈniː/
- Syllabification: ний (1 syllable)
Suffix
-ний • (-nii)
- Marks the genitive case in the hidden-n declension:
- After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant.
- хөх (xöx, “city”) + -ний (-nii) → хөхний (xöxnii, “city's”)
- After a front vowel stem ending in a long vowel, diphthong or iotated vowel.
- чинжүү (činžüü, “pepper”) + -ний (-nii) → чинжүүний (činžüünii, “of pepper”)
- After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant followed by a short vowel (which is retained).
- шилбэ (šilbe, “shin”) + -ний (-nii) → шилбэний (šilbenii, “of the shin”)
- After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant.
- Forms patronymics.
Alternative forms
- -ын (-yn), -ийн (-iin), -ы (-y), -ий (-ii), -н (-n), -ны (-ny), -ины (-iny), -иний (-inii), -гийн (-giin)
Russian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Soft variant of -ный (-nyj).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [nʲɪj]
Suffix
-ний • (-nij)
- Used to form adjectives from nouns, often relational (meaning "related to X"); a less common variant of -ный (-nyj).
- сосе́д (soséd, “neighbor”) + -ний (-nij) → сосе́дний (sosédnij, “neighboring”)
- пятиле́тие (pjatilétije, “five-year period”) + -ний (-nij) → пятиле́тний (pjatilétnij, “five-year”)
Usage notes
- When short forms exist, the short masculine singular is often missing. When present, it is -ен.
Declension
Declension of -ний (short class a)
masculine | neuter | feminine | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | -ний -nij | -нее -neje | -няя -njaja | -ние -nije | |
genitive | -него -nevo | -ней -nej | -них -nix | ||
dative | -нему -nemu | -ней -nej | -ним -nim | ||
accusative | animate | -него -nevo | -нее -neje | -нюю -njuju | -них -nix |
inanimate | -ний -nij | -ние -nije | |||
instrumental | -ним -nim | -ней, -нею -nej, -neju | -ними -nimi | ||
prepositional | -нем -nem | -ней -nej | -них -nix | ||
short form | - | -не -ne | -ня -nja | -ни -ni |
Derived terms
Russian terms suffixed with -ний
Related terms
- -ный (-nyj)
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ.
Suffix
-ний or -ни́й • (-nyj or -nýj)
- Used to form adjectives from nouns; -ish, -y.
- го́лос (hólos) + -ний (-nyj) → голосни́й (holosnýj)
Derived terms
Ukrainian terms suffixed with -ний
See also
- -ній (-nij)