мир
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mir]
Noun
мир • (mir) m (related adjective ми́рен or ми́ров)
- peace
- peacefulness, tranquility, repose
- Synonym: поко́й (pokój)
- мир и поко́й ― mir i pokój ― peace and quiet
- Оставе́те ме нами́ра! ― Ostavéte me na míra! ― Leave me in peace!
- (poetic) universe; world
- Synonyms: свят (svjat), всеми́р (vsemír), вселе́на (vseléna)
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| indefinite | мир mir |
| definite (subject form) | миръ́т mirǎ́t |
| definite (object form) | мира́ mirá |
Derived terms
- миро- (miro-)
- Миролю́б m (Miroljúb), Миролю́ба f (Miroljúba) (personal names)
- Миросла́в m (Mirosláv), Миросла́ва f (Mirosláva) (personal names)
- мирогле́д (mirogléd, “worldview, orientation”)
- всеми́р (vsemír, “universe”)
- всеми́рен (vsemíren, “universal”)
- миря́нин (mirjánin, “layman, non-clergy”)
- неми́рник (nemírnik, “rebellious person”)
References
- мир in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
- мир in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Čitanka.Info)
Dungan
Etymology
Cognate to Mandarin 明兒／明儿 (míngr).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mi²⁴/
Noun
мир • (mir) (I)
- tomorrow
- Synonyms: минтян (minti͡an), миргә (mirgə)
Even
Etymology
From Proto-Tungusic *muire, compare Evenki мирэ (mirə), Manchu ᠮᡝᡳᡵᡝᠨ (meiren), Nanai муйрэ and нгуйрэ, .
Noun
мир (mir)
- shoulder
Macedonian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mir]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: мир
Noun
мир • (mir) m (related adjective мирен)
- peace
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| indefinite | мир |
| definite unspecified | мирот |
| definite proximal | миров |
| definite distal | мирон |
| vocative | миру |
References
- “мир” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
Russian
Alternative forms
- миръ (mir) – Pre-reform orthography (1918) (only in the sense of “peace”)
- міръ (mir) – Pre-reform orthography (1918) (only in the sense of “universe, world”)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *meiˀrás (“peace”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey(H)-ró-s.The dual meaning of "peace" and "world" is unique to Slavic. The pre-1918 orthography had an orthographical distinction of the two identically pronounced words to avoid confusion.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mʲir]
Audio (file)
Noun
мир • (mir) m inan (genitive ми́ра, nominative plural миры́, genitive plural миро́в, related adjective мирово́й or мирско́й, diminutive миро́к)
- (usually uncountable) peace
- война́ имир ― vojná i mir ― war and peace
- мир во всёмми́ре ― mir vo vsjóm míre ― world peace
- опло́тми́ра ― oplót míra ― stronghold of peace
- Ми́ру мир! (slogan, the first "мир" in the dative case is "world", the second "мир" is "peace") ― Míru mir! ― Peace to the world!
- universe; world; planet
- происхожде́ниеми́ра ― proisxoždénije míra ― origin of the universe
Usage notes
The locative form миру́ (mirú), "(in [this]) world", is used with religious figures to indicate their secular name – for example, "Протопоп Афанасий, в миру Александр Иванович Неизвестнов" would mean "Protopope Afanasy, secular name Alexander Ivanovich Neizvestnov".
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ми́р mír | миры́ mirý |
| genitive | ми́ра míra | миро́в miróv |
| dative | ми́ру míru | мира́м mirám |
| accusative | ми́р mír | миры́ mirý |
| instrumental | ми́ром mírom | мира́ми mirámi |
| prepositional | ми́ре míre | мира́х miráx |
| locative | миру́ mirú |
Derived terms
- ру́сский мир (rússkij mir, “the Russian world, the Russian community”)
Related terms
- всеми́рный (vsemírnyj)
- мири́ть (mirítʹ)
- мирова́я (mirovája)
- мирово́й (mirovój)
- ми́рный (mírnyj)
- обмирще́ние (obmirščénije)
- переми́рие (peremírije)
- примире́ние (primirénije)
Descendants
- → Kildin Sami: мырр (myrr)
Further reading
- мир in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *meiˀrás, from Proto-Indo-European *mey(H)-ró-s.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mîːr/
Noun
ми̑р m (Latin spelling mȋr)
- peace
- 1996, United Nations, “Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Serbian”, in UDHR in Unicode:
- Пошто је признавање урођеног достојанства и једнаких и неотуђивих права свих чланова људске породице темељ слободе, правде и мира у свету;
- Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
- Пошто је признавање урођеног достојанства и једнаких и неотуђивих права свих чланова људске породице темељ слободе, правде и мира у свету;
- Нобелова награда за мир ― Nobel peace prize
- центар града је оаза мира и зеленила ― city center is an oasis of peace and greenery
- мировна конференција ― peace conference
-
- calm, tranquility
- остави ме на миру! ― leave me alone!
- пусти ме на миру! ― leave me alone!
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ми̑р | ми́рови |
| genitive | мира | мирова |
| dative | миру | мировима |
| accusative | мир | мирове |
| vocative | миру | мирови |
| locative | миру | мировима |
| instrumental | миром | мировима |
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *mirъ (“peace; world”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mɪr]
Audio (file)
Noun
мир • (myr) m inan (genitive ми́ру, uncountable)
- peace
- world
Declension
(peace)
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | мир myr |
| genitive | ми́ру mýru |
| dative | ми́рові, ми́ру mýrovi, mýru |
| accusative | мир myr |
| instrumental | ми́ром mýrom |
| locative | ми́ру, ми́рі mýru, mýri |
| vocative | ми́ре mýre |
(world)
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | мир myr |
| genitive | ми́ру mýru |
| dative | ми́рові, ми́ру mýrovi, mýru |
| accusative | мир myr |
| instrumental | ми́ром mýrom |
| locative | миру́ myrú |
| vocative | ми́ре mýre |
Derived terms
- ми́рний (mýrnyj)
- мирови́й (myrovýj)
- мирськи́й (myrsʹkýj)
- переми́р'я (peremýrʺja)
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “мир”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “мир”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)