медвѣдь
Old Church Slavonic
медвѣдь
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *medvědь.
Noun
медвѣдь • (medvědĭ) m
- bear
Declension
Declension of медвѣдь (soft o-stem)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | медвѣдь medvědĭ | медвѣда medvěda | медвѣди medvědi |
| Accusative | медвѣдь, медвѣда medvědĭ, medvěda | медвѣда medvěda | медвѣдѧ medvědę |
| Genitive | медвѣда medvěda | медвѣдоу, медвѣдю medvědu, medvědju | медвѣдь medvědĭ |
| Locative | медвѣди medvědi | медвѣдоу, медвѣдю medvědu, medvědju | медвѣдихъ medvědixŭ |
| Dative | медвѣдоу, медвѣдю medvědu, medvědju | медвѣдема medvědema | медвѣдемъ medvědemŭ |
| Instrumental | медвѣдемь medvědemĭ | медвѣдема medvědema | медвѣди medvědi |
| Vocative | медвѣдоу, медвѣдю medvědu, medvědju | медвѣда medvěda | медвѣди medvědi |
Descendants
- Serbo-Croatian: медвед
- Slovene: medved
Old East Slavic
Три медвѣди.
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *medvědь. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic медвѣдь (medvědĭ) and Old Polish miedźwiedź.
Pronunciation
- (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /mɛˈdʋeːdɪ/
- (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /mʲɛˈdʋʲeːdʲɪ/
- (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /mʲɛˈdʋʲɛːdʲ/, /mʲɛˈdʋʲeːdʲ/
- Hyphenation: ме‧двѣ‧дь
Noun
медвѣдь (medvědĭ) m (related adjective медвѣжии or медвѣчь)
- bear
- ѿтѧлъ· медвѣдь ми у колѣна ― otŭtęlŭ· medvědĭ mi u kolěna ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Declension
Declension of медвѣдь (soft o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | медвѣдь medvědĭ | медвѣда medvěda | медвѣди medvědi |
| Genitive | медвѣда medvěda | медвѣду medvědu | медвѣдь medvědĭ |
| Dative | медвѣду medvědu | медвѣдема medvědema | медвѣдемъ medvědemŭ |
| Accusative | медвѣдь medvědĭ | медвѣда medvěda | медвѣдѣ medvědě |
| Instrumental | медвѣдьмь medvědĭmĭ | медвѣдема medvědema | медвѣди medvědi |
| Locative | медвѣди medvědi | медвѣду medvědu | медвѣдихъ medvědixŭ |
| Vocative | медвѣду medvědu | медвѣда medvěda | медвѣди medvědi |
Descendants
- Middle Russian: медвѣ́дь (medvě́dʹ)
- Russian: медве́дь (medvédʹ)
- Old Ruthenian: медвѣ́дь (medvě́dʹ)
- Belarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)
- Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)
- Pannonian Rusyn: медве́дз (medvédz)
- Ukrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)
References
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902), “медвѣдь”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 121
Old Ruthenian
Alternative forms
- медвѣ́дъ (medvě́d), ведмѣ́дь (vedmě́dʹ), медви́дь (medvídʹ), медьвѣ́дь (medʹvě́dʹ)
- недвѣ́дь (nedvě́dʹ), недвѣ́дъ (nedvě́d), недвѣ́дзь (nedvě́dzʹ)
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic медвѣ́дь (medvě́dĭ), from Proto-Slavic *medvě̀dь (“bear”), possibly from Proto-Balto-Slavic *medwḗˀdis (“honey-eater”), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu-h₁édis, from *médʰu (“honey”) + *h₁éd- (“to eat”).[1][2][3][4] Cognate with Russian медве́дь (medvédʹ), Old Polish miedźwiedź, Old Czech medvěd.
Noun
медвѣ́дь • (medvě́dʹ) m anim (related adjective медвѣ́жїй or медвѣ́дный)
- bear
- и былъ нѣꙗкъ раненъ ѡт медьведѧ дикого ― i byl nějak ranen ot medʹvedja dikoho ― and was somehow wounded by a wild bear
- в пущи Смєдинскои звєръ бываєть мєдвєди, лоси и свини ― v pušči Smjedinskoʲi zvjer byvajetʹ mjedvjedi, losi i svini ― in the Smedinsky thick forest, there is a animals: bears, moose and pigs
- приходил левъ або медвѣдь и поривал барана зпосеред череды ― prixodil lev abo medvědʹ i porival barana zposered čeredy ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- ꙗко медведь вздраженыⸯ ― jako medvedʹ vzdraženyj ― like an angry bear
- а єще дꙗкъ на покутѣ от ꙗкъ ведмѣдь сидит ― a ješče djak na pokutě ot jak vedmědʹ sidit ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- розюшоний козакъ ꙗкъ недвѣдь ― rozjušonij kozak jak nedvědʹ ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- bearskin, bear fur
- шапка чорнаꙗ медведемъ подшита, а рукавицы ― šapka čornaja medvedem podšita, a rukavicy ― black hat made of bear and mittens
Derived terms
nouns
- медвѣ́дица f (medvě́dicʲa)
- медвѣ́дка f (medvě́dka)
- медвѣ́дна f (medvě́dna)
- медвѣ́дникъ m (medvě́dnik)
- медвѣ́докъ m (medvě́dok)
- медвѣдѧ́ n (medvědjá)
adjectives
- медвѣ́девъ (medvě́dev)
- медвѣ́дный (medvě́dnyj)
- медвѣ́жїй (medvě́žij)
Descendants
- Belarusian: мядзве́дзь (mjadzvjédzʹ)
- Rusyn: медві́дь (medvídʹ)
- Pannonian Rusyn: медве́дз (medvédz)
- Ukrainian: ведмі́дь (vedmídʹ)
References
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*medvědь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 65: “ст.-блр. медведь”
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “ведмідь”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 343
- Rudnyckyj, Ja. B. (1962–1972), “ведмідь”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language (in English), volume 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, page 331: “MUk. ведмѣдь (XVIII c.), ведмедя (XVIII c.)”
- Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1991), “мядзве́дзь”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volume 7 (мгла – не́марасць), Minsk: Navuka i technika, →ISBN, page 130
Further reading
- Tymchenko, E. K., editor (1930), “медвѣдь”, in Історичний словник українського язика [Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1, issue 1 (А – Г), Kharkiv, Kyiv: St. Publ. House of Ukraine, page 203
- Bulyka, A. M., editor (1998), “медведь, медьведь”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), issue 17 (лесничий – местский), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 297
- Bulyka, A. M., editor (2001), “недведь, недведзь”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), issue 20 (невагаючийся – никогды), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 65
- Chikalo, M. I., editor (2017), “медвѣдь, медвѣдъ, медьведь”, in Словник української мови XVI – I пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), issue 17 (м – моавитѧнка), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 88
- Tymchenko, E. K. (2002), “недвѣдь”, in Nimchuk, V. V., editor, Матеріали до словника писемної та книжної української мови XV–XVIII ст. [Materials for the Dictionary of the Written and Book Ukrainian Language of the 15ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Н), Kyiv, New York: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., →ISBN, page 481
Russian
Noun
медвѣ́дь • (medvě́dʹ) m anim (genitive медвѣ́дя, nominative plural медвѣ́ди, genitive plural медвѣ́дей, feminine медвѣ́дица)
- Pre-1918 spelling of медве́дь (medvédʹ).
Declension
Pre-reform declension of медвѣ́дь (anim masc-form soft-stem accent-a)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | медвѣ́дь medvě́dʹ | медвѣ́ди medvě́di |
| genitive | медвѣ́дя medvě́dja | медвѣ́дей medvě́dej |
| dative | медвѣ́дю medvě́dju | медвѣ́дямъ medvě́djam |
| accusative | медвѣ́дя medvě́dja | медвѣ́дей medvě́dej |
| instrumental | медвѣ́демъ medvě́dem | медвѣ́дями medvě́djami |
| prepositional | медвѣ́дѣ medvě́dě | медвѣ́дяхъ medvě́djax |