-лив
See also: лив
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *-ьlivъ (occasionally Proto-Slavic *-ъlivъ), a combination of the resultative suffix -л (-l) + -ив (-iv).
Suffix
-лив • (-liv) m
- Forms adjectives from nouns, verbal participles/nouns or adjectives with resultant or approximating meaning: -ish, -able
- From verbs:
- схва́щам (shváštam, “to grasp”) → схватли́в (shvatlív, “perceptive”)
- рабо́тя (rabótja, “to work”) → работли́в (rabotlív, “hard-working”)
- избу́хвам (izbúhvam, “to explode”) → избухли́в (izbuhlív, “short-tempered, explosive”)
- избу́хвам (izbúhvam, “to explode”) → избухли́в (izbuhlív, “short-tempered, explosive”)
- крада́ (kradá, “to steal”) → крадли́в (kradlív, “thievish”)
- ре́ва (réva, “to cry”) → ревли́в (revlív, “cry-baby”)
- From action/abstract nouns:
- сва́да (sváda, “quarrel”) → свадли́в (svadlív, “quarrelsome”)
- скок (skok, “jump”) → скокли́в (skoklív, “frisky”)
- лъ́жа (lǎ́ža, “lie”) → лъжли́в (lǎžlív, “prone to lying”)
- па́мет (pámet, “memory”) → паметли́в (pametlív, “with good memory”)
- безо́чие (bezóčie, “shamelessness”) → безо́члив (bezóčliv, “shameless”)
- суета́ (suetá, “vanity”) → суетли́в (suetlív, “fussy”)
- From adjectives:
- плах (plah, “timid”) → плашли́в (plašlív, “easily scared”)
- коке́тен (kokéten, “coquettish”) → кокетли́в (koketlív, “kittenish”)
- From verbs:
Usage notes
Adjectives formed with the suffix -лив normally denote tendency, liablity to do the activity/property that the adjective stem conveys.
Declension
Declension of -ли́в (no comparative)
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | -ли́в -lív | -ли́ва -líva | -ли́во -lívo | -ли́ви -lívi |
definite (subject form) | -ли́вият -lívijat | -ли́вата -lívata | -ли́вото -lívoto | -ли́вите -lívite |
definite (object form) | -ли́вия -lívija | |||
extended (vocative form) | -ли́ви, -ли́вий -lívi, -lívij |
Derived terms
Bulgarian terms suffixed with -лив
Related terms
- -елив (-eliv)
- -алив (-aliv)
- -льо (-ljo)
Macedonian
Etymology
Cognate with Russian -ли́вый (-lívyj), Czech -livý, etc.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [lif]
Suffix
-лив • (-liv) m
- -able (An adjective suffix, now usually in a passive sense; forms adjectives meaning possible, or fit).
Declension
Declension of -лив
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | -лив | -лива | -ливо | -ливи |
definite unspecified | -ливиот | -ливата | -ливото | -ливите |
definite proximal | -ливиов | -ливава | -ливово | -лививе |
definite distal | -ливион | -ливана | -ливоно | -ливине |
Derived terms
Macedonian terms suffixed with -лив
- мрзлив (mrzliv)
- возбудлив (vozbudliv)
- видлив (vidliv)
- горделив (gordeliv)
- врнежлив (vrnežliv)
- водонепропустлив (vodonepropustliv)