кой
See also: кои, кој, and қой
Adyghe
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kʷaj]
Noun
кой • (kʷoj)
- village
Synonyms
- (village): къуажэ (qʷaaže) (Kabardian)
- (village): къуаджэ (qʷaadže) (Adyghe)
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kъjь.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kɔj]
Pronoun
кой • (koj) m (interrogative)
- who, which (one) (used to ask about the identity of one or more people or things)
- Кой го напра́ви?
- Koj go naprávi?
- Who did it?
- Коя́ е та́зи жена́?
- Kojá e tázi žená?
- Who is that woman?
- Кого́ питаш?
- Kogó pitaš?
- Who are you asking?
- С кого́ разговарям?
- S kogó razgovarjam?
- Who am I talking to?
- Кои́ от пациентите се възстановиха?
- Koí ot pacientite se vǎzstanoviha?
- Which of the patients have recovered?
- Кое́ искаш?
- Koé iskaš?
- Which one do you want?
- Кому́ да благодаря́? (archaic)
- Komú da blagodarjá?
- Who should I thank?
- (as a conjunction) who, which, what (used to introduce an indirect question)
- Не зная кой ще дойде.
- Ne znaja koj šte dojde.
- I don't know who will come.
- Чудя се от кого́ беше писмото.
- Čudja se ot kogó beše pismoto.
- I wonder who the letter was from.
- Решението, кого́ да поканим, беше трудно.
- Rešenieto, kogó da pokanim, beše trudno.
- The decision who to invite was a difficult one.
- Изтръпвам при мисълта, кой би могъл да направи подобно нещо.
- Iztrǎpvam pri misǎlta, koj bi mogǎl da napravi podobno nešto.
- I shudder at the thought who could do such a thing.
Usage notes
The accusative, dative and prepositional forms are used only when кой (koj) is a pronoun standing on its own (not a determiner standing in front of a noun) and refers to a person. The dative form is dated and is replaced by на (na) + the prepositional form:
- На кого́ да благодаря́.
- Na kogó da blagodarjá.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
In informal Bulgarian the nominative form is often used instead of the accusative and prepositional ones:
- Кой питаш, с кой разговарям.
- Koj pitaš, s koj razgovarjam.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
This usage is not considered standard.
Declension
Declension of кой (as a pronoun)
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | кой koj | коя́ kojá | кое́ koé | кои́ koí |
| accusative | кого́ kogó | |||
| dative | кому́1 komú1 |
1Archaic.
Determiner
кой • (koj) m (interrogative)
- which, what (used to ask about the identity of one or more people or things)
- Кой чове́к би напра́вил подо́бно не́що?
- Koj čovék bi naprávil podóbno néšto?
- What person would do such a thing?
- Коя́ жена́ би се омъжила за него?
- Kojá žená bi se omǎžila za nego?
- What woman would marry him?
- Кое́ яйце е по-тежко?
- Koé jajce e po-težko?
- Which egg is heavier?
- На кой стол седеше?
- Na koj stol sedeše?
- Which chair was she sitting on?
- (as a conjunction) who, which, what (used to introduce an indirect question)
- Не можеха да решат коя́ песен да пуснат.
- Ne možeha da rešat kojá pesen da pusnat.
- They couldn't decide which song to play.
- Попитах ги през кои́ градове са минали.
- Popitah gi prez koí gradove sa minali.
- I asked them what towns they went through.
Declension
Declension of кой (as a determiner)
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| кой koj | коя́ kojá | кое́ koé | кои́ koí |
Related terms
Bulgarian interrogative pronouns
| Personal | Qualitative | Possessive | Quantitative | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Nominative | кой (koj) | какъ́в (kakǎ́v) ко́лкав (kólkav) | чий (čij) | ко́лко (kólko) колци́на (kolcína) |
| Accusative | кого́ (kogó) | ||||
| Dative | кому́ (komú) | ||||
| Prepositional | с кого́ (s kogó) | ||||
| Feminine | — | коя́ (kojá) | каква́ (kakvá) ко́лкава (kólkava) | чия́ (čijá) | |
| Neuter | — | кое́ (koé) какво́ (kakvó) що (što) | какво́ (kakvó) ко́лкаво (kólkavo) | чие́ (čié) | |
| Plural | — | кои́ (koí) | какви́ (kakví) ко́лкави (kólkavi) | чии́ (čií) | |
Erzya
Etymology 1
First coined in sense of body of administrative rules by bishop Damaskin in 1785.
Noun
кой • (koj)
- law
- tradition, custom
Particle
кой • (koj)
- As part of compound particles:
- кой-зярдо, кой-косо
- koj-zärdo, koj-koso
- sometimes, somewhere
Kyrgyz
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic; cognate with Kazakh қой (qoi), Uzbek qo'y, Azerbaijani qoyun, Turkmen goýun, Turkish koyun.
Noun
кой • (koy) (definite койду, plural койлор)
- sheep (mammal of the genus Ovis)
Declension
Declension of кой
| singular (жекелик) | plural (көптөгөн) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (атооч) | кой koy | койлор koylor |
| genitive (илик) | койдун koydun | койлордун koylordun |
| dative (барыш) | койго koygo | койлорго koylorgo |
| accusative (табыш) | койду koydu | койлорду koylordu |
| locative (жатыш) | койдо koydo | койлордо koylordo |
| ablative (чыгыш) | койдон koydon | койлордон koylordon |
| possessive forms | ||
| first-person singular (менин) | ||
| nominative | койум koyum | койлорум koylorum |
| genitive | койумдун koyumdun | койлорумдун koylorumdun |
| dative | койума koyuma | койлорума koyloruma |
| accusative | койумду koyumdu | койлорумду koylorumdu |
| locative | койумда koyumda | койлорумда koylorumda |
| ablative | койумдан koyumdan | койлорумдан koylorumdan |
| second-person singular informal (сенин) | ||
| nominative | койуң koyuŋ | койлоруң koyloruŋ |
| genitive | койуңдун koyuŋdun | койлоруңдун koyloruŋdun |
| dative | койуңа koyuŋa | койлоруңа koyloruŋa |
| accusative | койуңду koyuŋdu | койлоруңду koyloruŋdu |
| locative | койуңда koyuŋda | койлоруңда koyloruŋda |
| ablative | койуңдан koyuŋdan | койлоруңдан koyloruŋdan |
| second-person singular formal (сиздин) | ||
| nominative | койуңуз koyuŋuz | койлоруңуз koyloruŋuz |
| genitive | койуңуздун koyuŋuzdun | койлоруңуздун koyloruŋuzdun |
| dative | койуңузга koyuŋuzga | койлоруңузга koyloruŋuzga |
| accusative | койуңузду koyuŋuzdu | койлоруңузду koyloruŋuzdu |
| locative | койуңузда koyuŋuzda | койлоруңузда koyloruŋuzda |
| ablative | койуңуздан koyuŋuzdan | койлоруңуздан koyloruŋuzdan |
Russian
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic кꙑи (kyj), from Proto-Slavic *kъjь (“who, what, which”), from *kъ (“who”) + *-jь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kas (“who”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos (“who”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [koj]
Audio (file)
Determiner
кой • (koj)
- (archaic, literary) how, which, who, what
- Synonyms: како́й (kakój), кото́рый (kotóryj)
- Antonym: никой (nikoj)
- в ко́и-то ве́ки ― v kói-to véki ― once in a very long time
- до ко́их пор? ― do kóix por? ― how long?
- из ко́их ― iz kóix ― of which; of whom
- накой чёрт? ― na koj čort? ― what the hell for?
- ни в ко́ей ме́ре ― ni v kójej mére ― not in the least
- ни в ко́ем ра́зе ― ni v kójem ráze ― not on your nelly
- ни в ко́ем слу́чае ― ni v kójem slúčaje ― on no account; by no means
- ни ко́им о́бразом ― ni kóim óbrazom ― there is no way
Usage notes
Now only found in a few set phrases and expressions.
Declension
Declension of кой
| masculine | neuter | feminine | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | кой koj | ко́е kóje | ко́я kója | ко́и kói | |
| genitive | ко́его kójevo | ко́ей kójej | ко́их kóix | ||
| dative | ко́ему kójemu | ко́ей kójej | ко́им kóim | ||
| accusative | animate | ко́его kójevo | ко́е kóje | ко́ю kóju | ко́их kóix |
| inanimate | кой koj | ко́и kói | |||
| instrumental | ко́им kóim | ко́ей, ко́ею kójej, kójeju | ко́ими kóimi | ||
| prepositional | ко́ем kójem | ко́ей kójej | ко́их kóix | ||
Pre-reform declension of кой
| masculine | neuter | feminine | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | кой koj | ко́е kóje | ко́я kója | ко́и kói | |
| genitive | ко́его kójevo | ко́ей kójej | ко́ихъ kóix | ||
| dative | ко́ему kójemu | ко́ей kójej | ко́имъ kóim | ||
| accusative | animate | ко́его kójevo | ко́е kóje | ко́ю kóju | ко́ихъ kóix |
| inanimate | кой koj | ко́и kói | |||
| instrumental | ко́имъ kóim | ко́ей, ко́ею kójej, kójeju | ко́ими kóimi | ||
| prepositional | ко́емъ kójem | ко́ей kójej | ко́ихъ kóix | ||
Derived terms
- кое- (koje-)
Related terms
Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷe- (0 c, 11 e)
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кой”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress\\
Southern Altai
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic; cognate with Kazakh қой (qoi), Uzbek qo'y, Azerbaijani qoyun, Turkmen goýun, Turkish koyun.
Noun
кой • (koy)
- sheep
References
N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “кой”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ, M.: OGIZ, →ISBN