козырь
Russian
Etymology 1
Attested first from the year 1731, borrowed from Polish kozyr, also kozer, variants of kozyra, kozera (“trump; card-sharper; card-game; struggle, calamity”), a dialectal variant – already attested in the 16th century in the sense “trump” – of kostera, kostyra (“card sharper”), from kość (“die”), also kozyrnik, kozernik (“card-shark; fullam-player”).
Compare as another cardgame term that has passed into Russian from Polish: шу́лер (šúler, “card-sharp”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkozɨrʲ]
Noun
ко́зырь • (kózyrʹ) m inan (genitive ко́зыря, nominative plural ко́зыри, genitive plural козыре́й, related adjective козырно́й or козы́рный)
- trump
- (idiomatic) main argument, used in the right time to gain advantage
- (idiomatic) unrevealed or hidden advantage
- припасённыйко́зырь ― pripasjónnyj kózyrʹ ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- кто́-то припа́с ко́зырь ― któ-to pripás kózyrʹ ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ко́зырь kózyrʹ | ко́зыри kózyri |
genitive | ко́зыря kózyrja | козыре́й kozyréj |
dative | ко́зырю kózyrju | козыря́м kozyrjám |
accusative | ко́зырь kózyrʹ | ко́зыри kózyri |
instrumental | ко́зырем kózyrem | козыря́ми kozyrjámi |
prepositional | ко́зыре kózyre | козыря́х kozyrjáx |
Related terms
- козыря́ть (kozyrjátʹ)
Descendants
- → Armenian: կոզիր (kozir)
- → Azerbaijani: kozır
- → Georgian: კოზირი (ḳoziri)
- → Ingrian: kozeri
- → Kazakh: көзір (közır)
- → Romanian: coz
- → Ottoman Turkish: قوز (koz)
- Turkish: koz
- → Armenian: ղոզ (łoz), խոզ (xoz), կոզ (koz)
- → Ottoman Turkish: قوز (koz)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Middle Russian козырь (kozyrʹ) (att. 1641), козирь (kozirʹ). Origin unclear, but suggested to be connected to коза.
Noun
ко́зырь • (kózyrʹ) m inan (genitive ко́зыря, nominative plural ко́зыри, genitive plural козыре́й, related adjective козырно́й)
- (obsolete) high standing collar
- (obsolete) or (regional) canopy over a horse-drawn cart, sleigh
- (obsolete) or (regional) peak, visor
Related terms
- козырем ходить (kozyrem xoditʹ)
References
- Kiparsky, Valentin (1975) Russische historische Grammatik. Band III: Entwicklung des Wortschatzes (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 172