кефир
See also: кефір
Macedonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkɛfir]
Noun
кефир • (kefir) m
- kefir
Declension
Declension of кефир
| singular | |
|---|---|
| indefinite | кефир |
| definite unspecified | кефирот |
| definite proximal | кефиров |
| definite distal | кефирон |
| vocative | кефиру |
Russian
Alternative forms
- кефи́ръ (kefír) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)
- кафи́р (kafír) – obsolete
Etymology
Borrowed into Russian from a language of the Caucausus; compare Mingrelian ქიფური (kipuri), Ossetian къӕпы (k’æpy), Karachay-Balkar гыпы (gıpı). The ultimate origin is unknown. The fact the word has an f instead of a p indicates possible transmission to Russian through Arabic كِفِير (kifīr), which would have served as a lingua franca in the Muslim parts of the Caucasus.
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - IPA(key): [kʲɪˈfʲir]
Noun
кефи́р • (kefír) m inan (genitive кефи́ра, nominative plural кефи́ры, genitive plural кефи́ров, related adjective кефи́рный, diminutive кефи́рчик)
- kefir (a yogurt-like beverage made from fermented cows' milk)
- Я про́сто обожа́юкефи́р, но зато́ терпе́ть не могу́ молоко́! ― Ja prósto obožáju kefír, no zató terpétʹ ne mogú molokó! ― I just love kefir, but, on the other hand, I hate milk!
Declension
Declension of кефи́р (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | кефи́р kefír | кефи́ры kefíry |
| genitive | кефи́ра kefíra | кефи́ров kefírov |
| dative | кефи́ру kefíru | кефи́рам kefíram |
| accusative | кефи́р kefír | кефи́ры kefíry |
| instrumental | кефи́ром kefírom | кефи́рами kefírami |
| prepositional | кефи́ре kefíre | кефи́рах kefírax |
References
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “кефир”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 393
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кефир”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Абаев, В. И. (1958) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow, Leningrad: Academy Press, page 627