-и
See also: и
Abkhaz
Suffix
-и • (-i)
- and
Usage notes
Can be used with all Abkhaz words. It should be placed after all words which use it:
- аби ани ― abi ani ― father and mother
An и placed after an а will result in еи:
- Атуристцәа Аҟәаҟеи Гәдоуҭаҟеи ицеит.
- Atʼuristʼcʷa Aqʷʼaqʼei Gʷdowtaqʼei icejtʼ.
- The tourists went to Sukhumi and Gudauta.
See also
- -гьы (-gʲə)
Macedonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [i]
Suffix
-и • (-i)
- Appended to nouns to create verbs.
- врева (vreva) + -и (-i) → вреви (vrevi)
- дозвола (dozvola) + -и (-i) → дозволи (dozvoli)
- зрак (zrak) + -и (-i) → зрачи (zrači)
- ѕвон (dzvon) + -и (-i) → ѕвони (dzvoni)
- срам (sram) + -и (-i) → срами (srami)
- Appended to adjectives to create verbs.
- бел (bel) + -и (-i) → бели (beli)
- бистар (bistar) + -и (-i) → бистри (bistri)
- крив (kriv) + -и (-i) → криви (krivi)
- рамен (ramen) + -и (-i) → рамни (ramni)
- ќелав (ḱelav) + -и (-i) → ќелави (ḱelavi)
Derived terms
Category Macedonian terms suffixed with -и (verb) not found
Moksha
Etymology
Perhaps related to Finnish -ja, Estonian -ja, Livonian -ji, e.g., jūoji (“drinker”).
Suffix
-и • (-i)
- agentive suffix
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- читатель — морафтысь, лувись
- čitatelʹ — moraftysʹ, luvisʹ
- reader [in Russian] — reader
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
Declension
Definite declension of -и
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ись (-isʹ) | -ихне (-ixne) |
| genitive | -ить (-itʹ) | -ихнень (-ixnenʹ) |
| dative | -ити (-iti) | -ихненди (-ixnendi) |
Derived terms
Moksha terms suffixed with -и
Mongolian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈi/
- Syllabification: и (1 syllable)
Suffix
-и • (-i)
- Used in place of Russian -ия (-ija) in loanwords with stems that do not end in с (s) or ц (c).
- Alternative form: -∅
Derived terms
Mongolian terms suffixed with -и
Old Church Slavonic
Alternative forms
- -ⰻ (-i) – Glagolitic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *-jь.
Suffix
-и • (-i)
- Adjectival of secondary origin:
- From nouns
- грѣшьникъ (grěšĭnikŭ, “sinner”) + -и (-i) → грѣшьничь (grěšĭničĭ, “sinner's”)
- ловьць (lovĭcĭ, “hunter”) + -и (-i) → ловьчь (lovĭčĭ, “hunter's”)
- мѫченикъ (mǫčenikŭ, “martyr”) + -и (-i) → мѫченичь (mǫčeničĭ, “martyr's”)
- вьдовица (vĭdovica, “widow”) + -и (-i) → вьдовичь (vĭdovičĭ, “widow's”)
- дѣвица (děvica, “virgin, maiden”) + -и (-i) → дѣвичь (děvičĭ, “girl's”)
- агнѧ (agnę, “lamb”) + -и (-i) → агньчь (agnĭčĭ, “lamb's”)
- говѧдо (govędo, “bull, ox”) + -и (-i) → говѧждь (govęždĭ, “bovine”)
- From adjectives
- бъдръ (bŭdrŭ, “lively”) + -и (-i) → бъждр҄ь (bŭždrʹĭ, “brisk”)
- прокъ (prokŭ, “remnant”) + -и (-i) → прочь (pročĭ, “other”)
- From verbs
- лъгати (lŭgati, “to lie”) + -и (-i) → лъжь (lŭžĭ, “lie's”)
- боуꙗти (bujati, “to thrive, to rage”) + -и (-i) → боуи (bui, “immoderate”)
- From nouns
Usage notes
When attached to a word ending in a consonant, the -j- glide iotates the aforementioned consonant which often leads to one of the Slavic palatalizations.
Declension
Declension of -и (♂ masculine indefinite, soft o-stem)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -и -i | -ꙗ -ja | -и -i |
| Accusative | -и -i | -ꙗ -ja | -ѩ -ję |
| Genitive | -ꙗ -ja | -ю -ju | -и -i |
| Locative | -и -i | -ю -ju | -ихъ -ixŭ |
| Dative | -ю -ju | -ѥма -jema | -ѥмъ -jemŭ |
| Instrumental | -ѥмь -jemĭ | -ѥма -jema | -и -i |
| Vocative | -ю -ju | -ꙗ -ja | -и -i |
Declension of -и (⚥ neuter indefinite, soft o-stem)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -ѥ -je | -и -i | -ꙗ -ja |
| Accusative | -ѥ -je | -и -i | -ꙗ -ja |
| Genitive | -ꙗ -ja | -ю -ju | -и -i |
| Locative | -и -i | -ю -ju | -ихъ -ixŭ |
| Dative | -ю -ju | -ѥма -jema | -ѥмъ -jemŭ |
| Instrumental | -ѥмь -jemĭ | -ѥма -jema | -и -i |
| Vocative | -ѥ -je | -и -i | -ꙗ -ja |
Declension of -и (♀ feminine indefinite, soft a-stem)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -ꙗ -ja | -и -i | -ѩ -ję |
| Accusative | -ѭ -jǫ | -и -i | -ѩ -ję |
| Genitive | -ѩ -ję | -ю -ju | -и -i |
| Locative | -и -i | -ю -ju | -ꙗхъ -jaxŭ |
| Dative | -и -i | -ꙗма -jama | -ꙗмъ -jamŭ |
| Instrumental | -ѥѭ -jejǫ | -ꙗма -jama | -ꙗми -jami |
| Vocative | -ѥ -je | -и -i | -ѩ -ję |
Declension of -и (♂ masculine definite, soft o-stem)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -ии -ij | -ꙗꙗ -jaja | -ии -ij |
| Accusative | -ии -ij | -ꙗꙗ -jaja | -ѩѩ -jęję |
| Genitive | -ꙗѥго -jajego | -юю -juju | -иихъ -ijxŭ |
| Locative | -иимь -ijmĭ | -юю -juju | -иихъ -ijxŭ |
| Dative | -юѥмоу -jujemu | -иима -ijma | -иимъ -ijmŭ |
| Instrumental | -иимь -ijmĭ | -иима -ijma | -иими -ijmi |
| Vocative | -ии -ij | -ꙗꙗ -jaja | -ии -ij |
Declension of -и (⚥ neuter definite, soft o-stem)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -ѥѥ -jeje | -ии -ij | -ꙗꙗ -jaja |
| Accusative | -ѥѥ -jeje | -ии -ij | -ꙗꙗ -jaja |
| Genitive | -ꙗѥго -jajego | -юю -juju | -иихъ -ijxŭ |
| Locative | -иимь -ijmĭ | -юю -juju | -иихъ -ijxŭ |
| Dative | -юѥмоу -jujemu | -иима -ijma | -иимъ -ijmŭ |
| Instrumental | -иимь -ijmĭ | -иима -ijma | -иими -ijmi |
| Vocative | -ѥѥ -jeje | -ии -ij | -ꙗꙗ -jaja |
Declension of -и (♀ feminine definite, soft a-stem)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -ꙗꙗ -jaja | -ии -ij | -ѩѩ -jęję |
| Accusative | -ѭѭ -jǫjǫ | -ии -ij | -ѩѩ -jęję |
| Genitive | -ѩѩ -jęję | -юю -juju | -иихъ -ijxŭ |
| Locative | -ии -ij | -юю -juju | -иихъ -ijxŭ |
| Dative | -ии -ij | -иима -ijma | -иимъ -ijmŭ |
| Instrumental | -ѭѭ -jǫjǫ | -иима -ijma | -иими -ijmi |
| Vocative | -ꙗꙗ -jaja | -ии -ij | -ѩѩ -jęję |
Derived terms
Old Church Slavonic terms suffixed with -и
Related terms
- -ии (-ij)
References
- Бояджиев, Андрей (2016) Старобългарска читанка, София