-евш
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *-ěvъšь with e-kavian pronunciation of earlier -ě-, past active participle ending of ě- and ě/i-conj. verbs.
Suffix
-евш • (-evš)
- (dated, obsolete) Deverbial from ě-conj. verbs expressing a resultant or a quality induced by a past activity:
- старе́я (staréja, “to get older”) → старе́вш (starévš, “senile”) (obsolete)
- вилне́я (vilnéja, “to run amock”) → вилня́вш (vilnjávš, “inducing rage, amock”) (obsolete)
- (dated, obsolete) Deverbial from ě/i-conj. verbs expressing a resultant or a quality induced by a past activity:
- потърпя́ (potǎrpjá, “to endure”) → потърпе́вш (potǎrpévš, “sufferer”)
- летя́ (letjá, “to fly”) → летя́вш (letjávš, “formerly flying”) (obsolete)
Usage notes
In Modern Bulgarian, the derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as normal adjectives. The past active participle construction has been lost.
Alternative forms
- -явш (-javš) (with ja-kavian pronunciation of earlier -ě-)
- -ев (-ev)/-яв (-jav) (regular, without emphatic -ш)
Related terms
- -вш (-vš), -в (-v)
- -авш (-avš), -ав (-av)
- -ивш (-ivš), -ив (-iv)
- -явш (-javš), -яв (-jav)
References
- St. Stoyanov (1983), “Прилагателни имена от причастия”, in Граматика на съвременния български книжовен език, volume 2, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 150