balsam
English
Alternative forms
- balsem, balsum, balsome
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin balsamum, from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon, “balsam”), of Semitic origin (Hebrew בושם (“spice, perfume”)); compare Old English balsam, balsamum (“balsam, balm”), Doublet of balm. Not related to balsa.
Pronunciation
- (UK) enPR: bôlʹsəm, IPA(key): /ˈbɔːlsəm/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
Noun
balsam (countable and uncountable, plural balsams)
- (chiefly UK) A sweet-smelling oil or resin derived from various plants.
- (chiefly UK) A plant or tree yielding such substance.
- (chiefly UK) A soothing ointment.
- (chiefly UK, figuratively) Something soothing.
- Classical music is a sweet balsam for our sorrows
- A flowering plant of the genus Impatiens.
- The balsam family of flowering plants (Balsaminaceae), which includes Impatiens and Hydrocera.
- A balsam fir Abies balsamea.
- Canada balsam, a turpentine obtained from the resin of balsam fir.
Synonyms
- (sweet-smelling oil): balm
- (plant or tree): balm
- (soothing ointment): balm
- (something soothing): balm
- (flowering plant of the genus Impatiens): jewelweed, impatiens, touch-me-not
Derived terms
- Abraham's balsam
- balsamaceous
- balsam apple
- balsam Canada
- balsamed
- balsam fir
- balsamic
- balsamiferous
- Balsamina
- balsamint, balsam-mint
- Balsam Lake
- balsam of Acouchi
- balsam of aniseed
- balsam of Copaiba
- balsam of fir
- balsam of Gilead
- balsam of Mecca
- balsam of Peru
- balsam of saturn
- balsam of steel
- balsam of sulfur, balsam of sulphur
- balsam of Tolu
- balsam oil
- balsam pear
- balsam poplar
- balsamroot
- balsam-tansy
- balsam tree
- balsamy
- Canada balsam
- friar's balsam
- garden balsam
- Himalayan balsam
- Mecca balsam
- Peruvian balsam
- Tolu balsam
- true balsam
- Turlington's balsam
- Umiri balsam
- Wade's balsam
- wild balsam apple
- yellow balsam
Related terms
- balm
- balsamate
- balsamation
- Balsaminaceae
- balsamine
- balsamise, balsamize
- balsamitic
- balsamo
- balsamous
- balsamum
- opobalsam, opobalsamum
- xylobalsamum
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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See also
- Impatiens on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Verb
balsam (third-person singular simple present balsams, present participle balsaming, simple past and past participle balsamed)
- (transitive) To treat or anoint with balsam.
Anagrams
- lambas, sambal
Indonesian
Etymology
From Malay balsam, from English balsam, from Latin balsamum, from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon, “balsam”), of Semitic origin (Hebrew בושם (“spice, perfume”)).
- The word displaced balsêm, the loanword-cognate from Dutch balsem.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbalsam]
- Hyphenation: bal‧sam
Noun
balsam (first-person possessive balsamku, second-person possessive balsammu, third-person possessive balsamnya)
- balsam: a sweet-smelling oil or resin derived from various plants.
Alternative forms
- balsêm (superseded spelling)
Derived terms
- membalsam
- pembalsaman
- balsam kanada
- balsam kopaiba
- balsam mekah
- balsam oregon
- balsam peru
- balsam tolu
Further reading
- “balsam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish balsam(m), balsaim(e), from Latin balsamum, from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon).
Noun
balsam m (genitive singular balsaim)
- (medicine) balsam, balm
- balsam (plant)
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
| Forms with the definite article:
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Derived terms
- balsamach (“balmy”, adjective)
- balsamaigh (“embalm”, verb)
- balsam buí m (“yellow balsam”)
- balsam gairdín m (“garden balsam”)
- balsam na manach m (“friar's balsam”)
- balsamóir m (“embalmer”)
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
balsam | bhalsam | mbalsam |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “balsam”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “balsam(m), balsaim(e)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Polish
Alternative forms
- balsan
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin balsamum,[1][2] from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon).[3] First attested in the 15th century.
Noun
balsam m
- balm (any of various aromatic resins exuded from certain plants, especially trees of the genus Commiphora of Africa, Arabia and India and Myroxylon of South America)
- wild mint, Mentha arvensis
- basil thyme, Clinopodium acinos
- The meaning of this term is uncertain.
- 15th century, Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, published 1874-1891:
- Balsam balsamnis
-
Declension
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | balsam | — | — |
genitive | balsama | — | — |
dative | — | — | — |
accusative | — | — | — |
instrumental | — | — | — |
locative | — | — | — |
vocative | — | — | — |
Related terms
- balsamita
Descendants
- Polish: balsam
References
- Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- Andrzej Bańkowski (2000) Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego (in Polish)
- Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “balsam”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “balsam”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
Alternative forms
- Balsamus, balzam, bałzam, bałsam (Middle Polish)
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish balsam, from Latin balsamum,[1][2] from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon).[3] First attested in the 15th century.[4]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbal.sam/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -alsam
- Syllabification: bal‧sam
Noun
balsam m inan
- balsam, balm (sweet-smelling oil or resin derived from various plants)
- Hypernym: żywica
- (cosmetics, medicine, pharmacology) lotion, balm (a low-viscosity topical preparation intended for application to skin)
- Synonyms: krem, mleczko, tonik
- (historical, Egyptology) embalming substance
- (figuratively) balsam, balm (something soothing)
- Synonyms: otucha, ukojenie
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | balsam | balsamy |
genitive | balsamu | balsamów |
dative | balsamowi | balsamom |
accusative | balsam | balsamy |
instrumental | balsamem | balsamami |
locative | balsamie | balsamach |
vocative | balsamie | balsamy |
Derived terms
- balsamiczny
- balsamowy
- balsamicznie
- balsamina
- balsaminka
- balsamista
- balsamka
- balsamodrzew
- balsamowiec
- balsamowiec właściwy
- balsam peruwiański
- jodła balsamiczna
- ocet balsamiczny
- balsamować
- nabalsamować
- zabalsamować
References
- Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- Andrzej Bańkowski (2000) Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego (in Polish)
- Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “balsam”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “balsam”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Further reading
- balsam in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- balsam in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- “balsam, Balsamus”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2022
- Dorota Adamiec (10.07.2018), “BALZAM, BAŁZAM, *BAŁSAM BALSAM, BALZAM, BAŁZAM, *BAŁSAM”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814), “balsam”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “balsam”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “balsam”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 88
Romanian
Etymology
From Latin balsamum. Appears since 17th century. Probably entered Romanian through multiple routes, with the most common form from Italian balsamo, or through use in old medicinal practice. A now archaic variant form valsam derived from Greek βάλσαμο (válsamo). Cf. also German Balsam.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bal.ˈsam/
- Rhymes: -am
- Hyphenation: bal‧sam
Noun
balsam n (plural balsamuri)
- balsam (clarification of this definition is needed)
- unction, balm, salve, unguent
Derived terms
- bălsăma
References
- http://www.dex.ro/balsam