дябам
Bulgarian
Etymology
Formally from an earlier Proto-Slavic *děbati (probably originally a/j-conj.), from the same origin as Old Church Slavonic оудѣбенъ (uděbenŭ, “overtaken, caught by surprise”). According to Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary, related to dial. Bulgarian дебя (debja, “to pray upon, to sneak”). On the surface, though, cognates seem to be instead dial. Czech debati (“to poke, to lash”), dial. Russian дябать (djabatʹ, “to knock down”).
Possibly, further akin to Lithuanian dė̃bti (“to cross, to intercept”).
Verb
дя̀бам • (djàbam) impf
- (intransitive, dialectal) to pervade, to infiltrate
- (transitive, dated) to look for potential advantage, to seek advantageous position
- (reflexive, dated) to get oneself together, to brace up
- Synonyms: стягам се (stjagam se), вземам се в ръце (vzemam se v rǎce)
Inflection
Inflection
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | дябащ | дябал | дябал | дябайки | ||
| definite subject form | дябащият | дябалият | — | ||||
| definite object form | дябащия | дябалия | — | ||||
| feminine | indefinite | дябаща | дябала | дябала | |||
| definite | дябащата | дябалата | — | ||||
| neuter | indefinite | дябащо | дябало | дябало | дябане | ||
| definite | дябащото | дябалото | — | дябането | |||
| plural | indefinite | дябащи | дябали | дябали | дябания-нета | ||
| definite | дябащите | дябалите | — | дябанията-нетата | |||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | дябам | дябаш | дяба | дябаме | дябате | дябат | |
| imperfect | дябах | дябаше | дябаше | дябахме | дябахте | дябаха | |
| aorist | дябах | дяба | дяба | дябахме | дябахте | дябаха | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use няма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use нямаше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the impefect indicative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use нямало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and mperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use нямало било да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | |||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use нямало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъда and дябал m, дябала f, дябало n, or дябали pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| дябай | дябайте | ||||||
Derived terms
- издябам (izdjabam, “to overtake by surprise”) (dialectal)
References
- дябам in Речник на българския език
- Georgiev Vl. I., editor (1971), “дебя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 330