гость
Old Church Slavonic
Alternative forms
- (Glagolitic): ⰳⱁⱄⱅⱐ (gostĭ)
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *gostь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gástis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis.
Noun
гость • (gostĭ) m
- guest
Declension
Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | гость gostĭ | гости gosti | гостьѥ, гостиѥ gostĭje, gostije |
Accusative | гость gostĭ | гости gosti | гости gosti |
Genitive | гости gosti | гостью, гостию gostĭju, gostiju | гостьи, гостии gostĭj, gostij |
Locative | гости gosti | гостью, гостию gostĭju, gostiju | гостьхъ gostĭxŭ |
Dative | гости gosti | гостьма gostĭma | гостьмъ gostĭmŭ |
Instrumental | гостьмь gostĭmĭ | гостьма gostĭma | гостьми gostĭmi |
Vocative | гости gosti | гости gosti | гостьѥ, гостиѥ gostĭje, gostije |
Old East Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *gȍstь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gástis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis.
Pronunciation
- (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /ˈɡɔstɪ/
- (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /ˈɡɔstʲɪ/
- (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /ˈɡɔːstʲ/
- Hyphenation: го‧сть
Noun
гость (gostĭ) m
- guest
- stranger, foreigner
- (foreign) merchant
Declension
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | гость gostĭ | гости gosti | гостие, гостье gostie, gostĭe |
Genitive | гости gosti | гостию, гостью gostiju, gostĭju | гостии, гостьи gostij, gostĭj |
Dative | гости gosti | гостьма gostĭma | гостьмъ gostĭmŭ |
Accusative | гость gostĭ | гости gosti | гости gosti |
Instrumental | гостьмь gostĭmĭ | гостьма gostĭma | гостьми gostĭmi |
Locative | гости gosti | гостию, гостью gostiju, gostĭju | гостьхъ gostĭxŭ |
Vocative | гости gosti | гости gosti | гостие, гостье gostie, gostĭe |
Descendants
- Belarusian: госць (hoscʹ)
- Russian: гость (gostʹ)
- Rusyn: гость (hostʹ)
- Ukrainian: гість (histʹ)
References
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893), “гость”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 569
Russian
Etymology
From Old East Slavic гость (gostĭ), from Proto-Slavic *gostь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gástis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis. Cognate with English guest and host.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡosʲtʲ]
Audio (file)
Noun
гость • (gostʹ) m anim (genitive го́стя, nominative plural го́сти, genitive plural госте́й, feminine го́стья, related adjective гостево́й or гости́ный)
- guest, visitor
- идти́ вго́сти ― idtí v gósti ― to go visiting
- быть вгостя́х у кого́-либо ― bytʹ v gostjáx u kovó-libo ― to be a guest of someone
- (obsolete) merchant, especially one that trades overseas.
Usage notes
May refer to a guest of either gender, but is always a masculine noun; any adjectives modifying it must be masculine, as must any pronouns referring back to it.
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | го́сть góstʹ | го́сти gósti |
genitive | го́стя góstja | госте́й gostéj |
dative | го́стю góstju | гостя́м gostjám |
accusative | го́стя góstja | госте́й gostéj |
instrumental | го́стем góstem | гостя́ми gostjámi |
prepositional | го́сте góste | гостя́х gostjáx |
Derived terms
- гости́ная (gostínaja)
- гости́ть (gostítʹ)
- гости́ница (gostínica)
Related terms
- го́стья (góstʹja)
Descendants
- → Komi-Zyrian: гӧсть (göstʹ)
See also
- в гостя́х хорошо́, а до́ма лу́чше (v gostjáx xorošó, a dóma lúčše)