χριστός

χριστός

See also: Χριστός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From χρῑ́ω (khrī́ō, “to rub, ceremonially anoint”) +‎ -τος (-tos, verbal adjective suffix). Cognate with Sanskrit घृत (ghṛta)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰriːs.tós/ → /xrisˈtos/ → /xrisˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰriːs.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kʰrisˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/

• Homophone: χρηστός (khrēstós) (Koine from the 4th century AD on)

Adjective

χρῑστός • (khrīstós) m (feminine χρῑστή, neuter χρῑστόν); first/second declension

1. to be rubbed on, used as ointment or salve
2. (biblical, in the Septuagint) describing someone who was ceremonially anointed

Inflection

First and second declension of χρῑστός; χρῑστή; χρῑστόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		χρῑστός khrīstós	χρῑστή khrīstḗ	χρῑστόν khrīstón		χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστᾱ́ khrīstā́	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ		χρῑστοί khrīstoí	χρῑσταί khrīstaí	χρῑστᾰ́ khrīstá
Genitive		χρῑστοῦ khrīstoû	χρῑστῆς khrīstês	χρῑστοῦ khrīstoû		χρῑστοῖν khrīstoîn	χρῑσταῖν khrīstaîn	χρῑστοῖν khrīstoîn		χρῑστῶν khrīstôn	χρῑστῶν khrīstôn	χρῑστῶν khrīstôn
Dative		χρῑστῷ khrīstôi	χρῑστῇ khrīstêi	χρῑστῷ khrīstôi		χρῑστοῖν khrīstoîn	χρῑσταῖν khrīstaîn	χρῑστοῖν khrīstoîn		χρῑστοῖς khrīstoîs	χρῑσταῖς khrīstaîs	χρῑστοῖς khrīstoîs
Accusative		χρῑστόν khrīstón	χρῑστήν khrīstḗn	χρῑστόν khrīstón		χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστᾱ́ khrīstā́	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ		χρῑστούς khrīstoús	χρῑστᾱ́ς khrīstā́s	χρῑστᾰ́ khrīstá
Vocative		χρῑστέ khrīsté	χρῑστή khrīstḗ	χρῑστόν khrīstón		χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστᾱ́ khrīstā́	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ		χρῑστοί khrīstoí	χρῑσταί khrīstaí	χρῑστᾰ́ khrīstá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		χρῑστῶς khrīstôs				χρῑστότερος khrīstóteros				χρῑστότᾰτος khrīstótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Noun

χριστός • (khristós) m (genitive χριστοῦ); second declension

1. (biblical) anointed one, translation of Hebrew משיח‎ (mashiach, “messiah”)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ χριστός; τοῦ χριστοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ χριστός ho khristós	τὼ χριστώ tṑ khristṓ	οἱ χριστοί hoi khristoí
Genitive	τοῦ χριστοῦ toû khristoû	τοῖν χριστοῖν toîn khristoîn	τῶν χριστῶν tôn khristôn
Dative	τῷ χριστῷ tôi khristôi	τοῖν χριστοῖν toîn khristoîn	τοῖς χριστοῖς toîs khristoîs
Accusative	τὸν χριστόν tòn khristón	τὼ χριστώ tṑ khristṓ	τοὺς χριστούς toùs khristoús
Vocative	χριστέ khristé	χριστώ khristṓ	χριστοί khristoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Χριστός (Khristós)
• Χριστιανός (Khristianós)

Descendants

• English: Christ
• Greek: Χριστός (Christós)

• Latin: Christus
• Russian: Христос (Xristós)

References

• χριστός in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• χριστός in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• χριστός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G5547 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979