φόνος

φόνος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From the o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen-. Related to θείνω (theínō, “to strike”) and ἔπεφνον (épephnon, “slew”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰó.nos/ → /ˈɸo.nos/ → /ˈfo.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰó.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰo.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸo.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfo.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfo.nos/

Noun

φόνος • (phónos) m (genitive φόνου); second declension

1. murder, slaughter
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.430
2. (law) murder, homicide
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Conon 25

Declension

Second declension of ὁ φόνος; τοῦ φόνου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φόνος ho phónos	τὼ φόνω tṑ phónō	οἱ φόνοι hoi phónoi
Genitive	τοῦ φόνου toû phónou	τοῖν φόνοιν toîn phónoin	τῶν φόνων tôn phónōn
Dative	τῷ φόνῳ tôi phónōi	τοῖν φόνοιν toîn phónoin	τοῖς φόνοις toîs phónois
Accusative	τὸν φόνον tòn phónon	τὼ φόνω tṑ phónō	τοὺς φόνους toùs phónous
Vocative	φόνε phóne	φόνω phónō	φόνοι phónoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Τισιφόνη (Tisiphónē, “Tisiphone”)

Further reading

• φόνος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek φόνος (phónos), which is cognate to Ancient Greek θείνω (theínō). See there for further cognates.

Noun

φόνος • (fónos) m (plural φόνοι)

1. murder

Declension

declension of φόνος

	singular	plural
nominative	φόνος •	φόνοι •
genitive	φόνου •	φόνων •
accusative	φόνο •	φόνους •
vocative	φόνε •	φόνοι •

Synonyms

• δολοφονία f (dolofonía)
• ανθρωποκτονία f (anthropoktonía, “homicide”) (legal term)

Related terms

• φονεύω (fonévo, “το murder”)
• φόνισσα f (fónissa, “murderer”)
• φονιάς m (foniás, “murderer”)
• φονικός (fonikós, “deadly, murderous”)
• (Katharevousa) φονεύς m (fonéfs, “murderer”)