φαρέτρα
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- φαρέτρη (pharétrē) – Ionic
Etymology
It has been assumed a derivation with a reduced grade from φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), beside a full grade in φέρετρον (phéretron, “bier, litter”). However, because a reduced grade is not accepted anymore since the laryngeal theory, a loanword with a folk-etymological adaptation should be considered.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pʰa.ré.traː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pʰaˈre.tra/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɸaˈre.tra/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /faˈre.tra/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /faˈre.tra/
Noun
φᾰρέτρᾱ • (pharétrā) f (genitive φᾰρέτρᾱς); first declension
- quiver for arrows
- Synonyms: γωρυτός (gōrutós), ὀϊστοθήκη (oïstothḗkē)
Inflection
First declension of ἡ φᾰρέτρᾱ; τῆς φᾰρέτρᾱς (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ φᾰρέτρᾱ hē pharétrā | τὼ φᾰρέτρᾱ tṑ pharétrā | αἱ φᾰρέτραι hai pharétrai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς φᾰρέτρᾱς tês pharétrās | τοῖν φᾰρέτραιν toîn pharétrain | τῶν φᾰρετρῶν tôn pharetrôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ φᾰρέτρᾳ têi pharétrāi | τοῖν φᾰρέτραιν toîn pharétrain | ταῖς φᾰρέτραις taîs pharétrais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν φᾰρέτρᾱν tḕn pharétrān | τὼ φᾰρέτρᾱ tṑ pharétrā | τᾱ̀ς φᾰρέτρᾱς tā̀s pharétrās | ||||||||||
Vocative | φᾰρέτρᾱ pharétrā | φᾰρέτρᾱ pharétrā | φᾰρέτραι pharétrai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- φαρετρεών (pharetreṓn)
- φαρέτριον (pharétrion)
- φαρετρίτης (pharetrítēs)
- φαρετροφόρος (pharetrophóros)
Descendants
- → Latin: pharetra
- → Italian: faretra
- → Portuguese: fáretra
- → Romanian: faretră
Further reading
- “φαρέτρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “φαρέτρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- φαρέτρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN