τίνω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay”). Cognate with ποινή (poinḗ), Sanskrit चयते (cáyate) and Avestan 𐬗𐬌𐬐𐬀𐬫𐬀𐬝 (cikayat̰).
Pronunciation
Attic:
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tí.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈti.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈti.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈti.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈti.no/
Epic:
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tǐː.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈti.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈti.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈti.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈti.no/
Verb
τῐ́νω • (tínō)
(Attic)
τῑ́νω • (tī́nō)
(Epic)
- to pay a price, that is, as a penalty; be punished with (whereas τίω (tíō) means to pay honor).
Conjugation
Present: τῐ́νω, τῐ́νομαι (Attic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | τῐ́νω | τῐ́νεις | τῐ́νει | τῐ́νετον | τῐ́νετον | τῐ́νομεν | τῐ́νετε | τῐ́νουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | τῐ́νω | τῐ́νῃς | τῐ́νῃ | τῐ́νητον | τῐ́νητον | τῐ́νωμεν | τῐ́νητε | τῐ́νωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τῐ́νοιμῐ | τῐ́νοις | τῐ́νοι | τῐ́νοιτον | τῐνοίτην | τῐ́νοιμεν | τῐ́νοιτε | τῐ́νοιεν | |||||
| imperative | τῐ́νε | τῐνέτω | τῐ́νετον | τῐνέτων | τῐ́νετε | τῐνόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive | indicative | τῐ́νομαι | τῐ́νῃ, τῐ́νει | τῐ́νεται | τῐ́νεσθον | τῐ́νεσθον | τῐνόμεθᾰ | τῐ́νεσθε | τῐ́νονται | ||||
| subjunctive | τῐ́νωμαι | τῐ́νῃ | τῐ́νηται | τῐ́νησθον | τῐ́νησθον | τῐνώμεθᾰ | τῐ́νησθε | τῐ́νωνται | |||||
| optative | τῐνοίμην | τῐ́νοιο | τῐ́νοιτο | τῐ́νοισθον | τῐνοίσθην | τῐνοίμεθᾰ | τῐ́νοισθε | τῐ́νοιντο | |||||
| imperative | τῐ́νου | τῐνέσθω | τῐ́νεσθον | τῐνέσθων | τῐ́νεσθε | τῐνέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | τῐ́νειν | τῐ́νεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | τῐ́νων | τῐνόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | τῐ́νουσᾰ | τῐνομένη | |||||||||||
| n | τῐ́νον | τῐνόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Present: τῑ́νω, τῑ́νομαι (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | τῑ́νω | τῑ́νεις | τῑ́νει | τῑ́νετον | τῑ́νετον | τῑ́νομεν | τῑ́νετε | τῑ́νουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | τῑ́νω, τῑ́νωμῐ | τῑ́νῃς, τῑ́νῃσθᾰ | τῑ́νῃ, τῑ́νῃσῐ | τῑ́νητον | τῑ́νητον | τῑ́νωμεν | τῑ́νητε | τῑ́νωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τῑ́νοιμῐ | τῑ́νοισ(θᾰ) | τῑ́νοι | τῑ́νοιτον | τῑνοίτην | τῑ́νοιμεν | τῑ́νοιτε | τῑ́νοιεν | |||||
| imperative | τῖνε | τῑνέτω | τῑ́νετον | τῑνέτων | τῑ́νετε | τῑνόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive | indicative | τῑ́νομαι | τῑ́νεαι | τῑ́νεται | τῑ́νεσθον | τῑ́νεσθον | τῑνόμε(σ)θᾰ | τῑ́νεσθε | τῑ́νονται | ||||
| subjunctive | τῑ́νωμαι, τῑνώμαιμῐ | τῑ́νηαι, τῑ́νηαι | τῑ́νηται, τῑνήταισῐ | τῑ́νησθον | τῑ́νησθον | τῑνώμε(σ)θᾰ | τῑ́νησθε | τῑ́νωνται | |||||
| optative | τῑνοίμην | τῑ́νοιο | τῑ́νοιτο | τῑ́νοισθον | τῑνοίσθην | τῑνοίμε(σ)θᾰ | τῑ́νοισθε | τῑνοίᾰτο | |||||
| imperative | τῑ́νεο | τῑνέσθω | τῑ́νεσθον | τῑνέσθων | τῑ́νεσθε | τῑνέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | τῑ́νειν/τῑνέμεν(αι)/τῑνμέναι | τῑ́νεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | τῑ́νων | τῑνόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | τῑ́νουσᾰ | τῑνομένη | |||||||||||
| n | τῖνον | τῑνόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἔτινον, ἐτινόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔτινον | ἔτινες | ἔτινε(ν) | ἐτίνετον | ἐτινέτην | ἐτίνομεν | ἐτίνετε | ἔτινον | ||||
| middle/ passive | indicative | ἐτινόμην | ἐτίνου | ἐτίνετο | ἐτίνεσθον | ἐτινέσθην | ἐτινόμεθᾰ | ἐτίνεσθε | ἐτίνοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Future: τῐ́σω, τῐ́σομαι, τισθήσομαι (Attic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | τῐ́σω | τῐ́σεις | τῐ́σει | τῐ́σετον | τῐ́σετον | τῐ́σομεν | τῐ́σετε | τῐ́σουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | τῐ́σοιμῐ | τῐ́σοις | τῐ́σοι | τῐ́σοιτον | τῐσοίτην | τῐ́σοιμεν | τῐ́σοιτε | τῐ́σοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | τῐ́σομαι | τῐ́σῃ, τῐ́σει | τῐ́σεται | τῐ́σεσθον | τῐ́σεσθον | τῐσόμεθᾰ | τῐ́σεσθε | τῐ́σονται | ||||
| optative | τῐσοίμην | τῐ́σοιο | τῐ́σοιτο | τῐ́σοισθον | τῐσοίσθην | τῐσοίμεθᾰ | τῐ́σοισθε | τῐ́σοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | τισθήσομαι | τισθήσῃ | τισθήσεται | τισθήσεσθον | τισθήσεσθον | τισθησόμεθᾰ | τισθήσεσθε | τισθήσονται | ||||
| optative | τισθησοίμην | τισθήσοιο | τισθήσοιτο | τισθήσοισθον | τισθησοίσθην | τισθησοίμεθᾰ | τισθήσοισθε | τισθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | τῐ́σειν | τῐ́σεσθαι | τισθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | τῐ́σων | τῐσόμενος | τισθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | τῐ́σουσᾰ | τῐσομένη | τισθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | τῐ́σον | τῐσόμενον | τισθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Future: τῑ́σω, τῑ́σομαι, τισθήσομαι (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | τῑ́σω | τῑ́σεις | τῑ́σει | τῑ́σετον | τῑ́σετον | τῑ́σομεν | τῑ́σετε | τῑ́σουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | τῑ́σοιμῐ | τῑ́σοισ(θᾰ) | τῑ́σοι | τῑ́σοιτον | τῑσοίτην | τῑ́σοιμεν | τῑ́σοιτε | τῑ́σοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | τῑ́σομαι | τῑ́σεαι | τῑ́σεται | τῑ́σεσθον | τῑ́σεσθον | τῑσόμε(σ)θᾰ | τῑ́σεσθε | τῑ́σονται | ||||
| optative | τῑσοίμην | τῑ́σοιο | τῑ́σοιτο | τῑ́σοισθον | τῑσοίσθην | τῑσοίμε(σ)θᾰ | τῑ́σοισθε | τῑσοίᾰτο | |||||
| passive | indicative | τισθήσομαι | τισθήσῃ | τισθήσεται | τισθήσεσθον | τισθήσεσθον | τισθησόμε(σ)θᾰ | τισθήσεσθε | τισθήσονται | ||||
| optative | τισθησοίμην | τισθήσοιο | τισθήσοιτο | τισθήσοισθον | τισθησοίσθην | τισθησοίμε(σ)θᾰ | τισθήσοισθε | τισθησοίᾰτο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | τῑ́σειν/τῑσέμεν(αι)/τῑσμέναι | τῑ́σεσθαι | τισθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | τῑ́σων | τῑσόμενος | τισθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | τῑ́σουσᾰ | τῑσομένη | τισθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | τῖσον | τῑσόμενον | τισθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἔτῐσᾰ, ἐτῐσᾰ́μην, ἐτίσθην (Attic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔτῐσᾰ | ἔτῐσᾰς | ἔτῐσε(ν) | ἐτῐ́σᾰτον | ἐτῐσᾰ́την | ἐτῐ́σᾰμεν | ἐτῐ́σᾰτε | ἔτῐσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | τῐ́σω | τῐ́σῃς | τῐ́σῃ | τῐ́σητον | τῐ́σητον | τῐ́σωμεν | τῐ́σητε | τῐ́σωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τῐ́σαιμῐ | τῐ́σειᾰς, τῐ́σαις | τῐ́σειε(ν), τῐ́σαι | τῐ́σαιτον | τῐσαίτην | τῐ́σαιμεν | τῐ́σαιτε | τῐ́σειᾰν, τῐ́σαιεν | |||||
| imperative | τῐ́σον | τῐσᾰ́τω | τῐ́σᾰτον | τῐσᾰ́των | τῐ́σᾰτε | τῐσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐτῐσᾰ́μην | ἐτῐ́σω | ἐτῐ́σᾰτο | ἐτῐ́σᾰσθον | ἐτῐσᾰ́σθην | ἐτῐσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐτῐ́σᾰσθε | ἐτῐ́σᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | τῐ́σωμαι | τῐ́σῃ | τῐ́σηται | τῐ́σησθον | τῐ́σησθον | τῐσώμεθᾰ | τῐ́σησθε | τῐ́σωνται | |||||
| optative | τῐσαίμην | τῐ́σαιο | τῐ́σαιτο | τῐ́σαισθον | τῐσαίσθην | τῐσαίμεθᾰ | τῐ́σαισθε | τῐ́σαιντο | |||||
| imperative | τῐ́σαι | τῐσᾰ́σθω | τῐ́σᾰσθον | τῐσᾰ́σθων | τῐ́σᾰσθε | τῐσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐτίσθην | ἐτίσθης | ἐτίσθη | ἐτίσθητον | ἐτισθήτην | ἐτίσθημεν | ἐτίσθητε | ἐτίσθησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | τισθῶ | τισθῇς | τισθῇ | τισθῆτον | τισθῆτον | τισθῶμεν | τισθῆτε | τισθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τισθείην | τισθείης | τισθείη | τισθεῖτον, τισθείητον | τισθείτην, τισθειήτην | τισθεῖμεν, τισθείημεν | τισθεῖτε, τισθείητε | τισθεῖεν, τισθείησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | τίσθητῐ | τισθήτω | τίσθητον | τισθήτων | τίσθητε | τισθέντων | |||||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | τῐ́σαι | τῐ́σᾰσθαι | τισθῆναι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | τῐ́σᾱς | τῐσᾰ́μενος | τισθείς | |||||||||
| f | τῐ́σᾱσᾰ | τῐσᾰμένη | τισθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
| n | τῐ́σᾰν | τῐσᾰ́μενον | τισθέν | ||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἔτῑσᾰ, ἐτῑσᾰ́μην, ἐτίσθην (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔτῑσᾰ | ἔτῑσᾰς | ἔτῑσε(ν) | ἐτῑ́σᾰτον | ἐτῑσᾰ́την | ἐτῑ́σᾰμεν | ἐτῑ́σᾰτε | ἔτῑσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | τῑ́σω, τῑ́σωμῐ | τῑ́σῃς, τῑ́σῃσθᾰ | τῑ́σῃ, τῑ́σῃσῐ | τῑ́σητον | τῑ́σητον | τῑ́σωμεν | τῑ́σητε | τῑ́σωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τῑ́σαιμῐ | τῑ́σαις, τῑ́σαισθᾰ, τῑ́σειᾰς | τῑ́σειε(ν), τῑ́σαι | τῑσεῖτον | τῑσείτην | τῑσεῖμεν | τῑσεῖτε | τῑσεῖεν | |||||
| imperative | τῖσον | τῑσᾰ́τω | τῑ́σᾰτον | τῑσᾰ́των | τῑ́σᾰτε | τῑσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐτῑσᾰ́μην | ἐτῑ́σω | ἐτῑ́σᾰτο | ἐτῑ́σᾰσθον | ἐτῑσᾰ́σθην | ἐτῑσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | ἐτῑ́σᾰσθε | ἐτῑ́σᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | τῑ́σωμαι, τῑσώμαιμῐ | τῑ́σηαι, τῑ́σηαι | τῑ́σηται, τῑσήταισῐ | τῑ́σησθον | τῑ́σησθον | τῑσώμε(σ)θᾰ | τῑ́σησθε | τῑ́σωνται | |||||
| optative | τῑσαίμην | τῑ́σαιο | τῑ́σαιτο | τῑ́σαισθον | τῑσαίσθην | τῑσαίμε(σ)θᾰ | τῑ́σαισθε | τῑσαίᾰτο | |||||
| imperative | τῖσαι | τῑσᾰ́σθω | τῑ́σᾰσθον | τῑσᾰ́σθων | τῑ́σᾰσθε | τῑσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐτίσθην | ἐτίσθης | ἐτίσθη | ἐτίσθητον | ἐτισθήτην | ἐτίσθημεν | ἐτίσθητε | ἐτίσθησᾰν, ἔτισθεν | ||||
| subjunctive | τισθῶ, τισθῶμῐ | τισθῇς, τισθῇσθᾰ | τισθῇ, τισθῇσῐ | τισθῆτον | τισθῆτον | τισθῶμεν | τισθῆτε | τισθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τισθείην | τισθείης | τισθείη | τισθεῖτον, τισθείητον | τισθείτην, τισθειήτην | τισθεῖμεν, τισθείημεν | τισθεῖτε, τισθείητε | τίσθειεν, τισθείησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | τίσθητῐ | τισθήτω | τίσθητον | τισθήτων | τίσθητε | τισθέντων | |||||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | τῖσαι/τῑσᾰ́μεν/τῑσᾰμέναι | τῑ́σᾰσθαι | τισθῆναι/τισθήμεναι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | τῑ́σᾱς | τῑσᾰ́μενος | τισθείς | |||||||||
| f | τῑ́σᾱσᾰ | τῑσᾰμένη | τισθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
| n | τῖσᾰν | τῑσᾰ́μενον | τισθέν | ||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Perfect: τέτικᾰ, τέτισμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | τέτικᾰ | τέτικᾰς | τέτικε(ν) | τετίκᾰτον | τετίκᾰτον | τετίκᾰμεν | τετίκᾰτε | τετίκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | τετίκω | τετίκῃς | τετίκῃ | τετίκητον | τετίκητον | τετίκωμεν | τετίκητε | τετίκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τετίκοιμῐ, τετικοίην | τετίκοις, τετικοίης | τετίκοι, τετικοίη | τετίκοιτον | τετικοίτην | τετίκοιμεν | τετίκοιτε | τετίκοιεν | |||||
| imperative | τέτικε | τετικέτω | τετίκετον | τετικέτων | τετίκετε | τετικόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive | indicative | τέτισμαι | τέτισαι | τέτισται | τέτισθον | τέτισθον | τετίσμεθᾰ | τέτισθε | τετίσᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | τετισμένος ὦ | τετισμένος ᾖς | τετισμένος ᾖ | τετισμένω ἦτον | τετισμένω ἦτον | τετισμένοι ὦμεν | τετισμένοι ἦτε | τετισμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | τετισμένος εἴην | τετισμένος εἴης | τετισμένος εἴη | τετισμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον | τετισμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | τετισμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | τετισμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | τετισμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | τέτισο | τετίσθω | τέτισθον | τετίσθων | τέτισθε | τετίσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | τετικέναι | τετῖσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | τετικώς | τετισμένος | ||||||||||
| f | τετικυῖᾰ | τετισμένη | |||||||||||
| n | τετικός | τετισμένον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Pluperfect: ἐτετίκειν, ἐτετίσμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐτετίκειν, ἐτετίκη | ἐτετίκεις, ἐτετίκης | ἐτετίκει(ν) | ἐτετίκετον | ἐτετικέτην | ἐτετίκεμεν | ἐτετίκετε | ἐτετίκεσᾰν | ||||
| middle/ passive | indicative | ἐτετίσμην | ἐτέτισο | ἐτέτιστο | ἐτέτισθον | ἐτετίσθην | ἐτετίσμεθᾰ | ἐτέτισθε | ἐτετίσᾰτο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- τίσις (tísis)
See also
- τίω (tíō)
- τιμή (timḗ)
References
- τίνω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- τίνω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- τίνω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- τίνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- τίνω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- τίνω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5099 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979