σμίλη
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- σμῖλα (smîla)
Etymology
The word has been connected with Proto-Germanic *smiþaz (“smith”); however, this etymology is shaky. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *smī- (“to cut, hew”). Alternatively, a Pre-Greek etymology might be considered.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /zmǐː.lɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈzmi.le̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈzmi.li/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈzmi.li/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈzmi.li/
Noun
σμῑ́λη • (smī́lē) f (genitive σμῑ́λης); first declension
- A tool for cutting or carving: knife, chisel
Inflection
First declension of ἡ σμῑ́λη; τῆς σμῑ́λης (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ σμῑ́λη hē smī́lē | τὼ σμῑ́λᾱ tṑ smī́lā | αἱ σμῖλαι hai smîlai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς σμῑ́λης tês smī́lēs | τοῖν σμῑ́λαιν toîn smī́lain | τῶν σμῑλῶν tôn smīlôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ σμῑ́λῃ têi smī́lēi | τοῖν σμῑ́λαιν toîn smī́lain | ταῖς σμῑ́λαις taîs smī́lais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν σμῑ́λην tḕn smī́lēn | τὼ σμῑ́λᾱ tṑ smī́lā | τᾱ̀ς σμῑ́λᾱς tā̀s smī́lās | ||||||||||
Vocative | σμῑ́λη smī́lē | σμῑ́λᾱ smī́lā | σμῖλαι smîlai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- σμιλάριον (smilárion)
- σμιλεία (smileía)
- σμίλευμα (smíleuma)
- σμιλευτός (smileutós)
- σμιλιγλύφος (smiliglúphos)
- σμίλινος (smílinos)
- σμίλιον (smílion)
- σμιλιωτός (smiliōtós)
Descendants
- → Aramaic: (“scalpel, shoe-knife”)
- Classical Syriac: ܙܡܝܻܠܝܳܐ (zmēlyā)
- Christian Palestinian Aramaic: ܝܙܡܝܠ (/*ʾizmēl/)
- Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic: אִיזְמֵיל / אִיזְמֵל / אִזְמֵל (ʾizmēl), אוּזְמֵל (ʾuzmēl)
- → Arabic: إِزْمِيل (ʾizmīl, “shoe-knife; chisel”)
- → Hebrew: אִזְמֵל (ʾizmēl, “scalpel”)
Further reading
- “σμίλη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- chisel idem, page 130.
- knife idem, page 470.
- scoop idem, page 740.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- “ˀwzmyl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–