σκιρτάω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Iterative-intensive formation in -τάω from σκαίρω (skaírō, “to skip, dance”), which is probably from Proto-Indo-European *sker- (“to jump”). The -ι- is thought to be a secondary prop vowel, but this makes the etymology formally less certain.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /skir.tá.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /skirˈta.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /scirˈta.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /scirˈta.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /scirˈta.o/
Verb
σκῐρτᾰ́ω • (skirtáō)
- (of foals) to spring, leap, bound
- (figuratively) to be skittish, unruly
Inflection
Present: σκῐρτᾰ́ω, σκῐρτᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | σκῐρτᾰ́ω | σκῐρτᾰ́εις | σκῐρτᾰ́ει | σκῐρτᾰ́ετον | σκῐρτᾰ́ετον | σκῐρτᾰ́ομεν | σκῐρτᾰ́ετε | σκῐρτᾰ́ουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | σκῐρτᾰ́ω | σκῐρτᾰ́ῃς | σκῐρτᾰ́ῃ | σκῐρτᾰ́ητον | σκῐρτᾰ́ητον | σκῐρτᾰ́ωμεν | σκῐρτᾰ́ητε | σκῐρτᾰ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | σκῐρτᾰ́οιμῐ | σκῐρτᾰ́οις | σκῐρτᾰ́οι | σκῐρτᾰ́οιτον | σκῐρτᾰοίτην | σκῐρτᾰ́οιμεν | σκῐρτᾰ́οιτε | σκῐρτᾰ́οιεν | |||||
imperative | σκῐ́ρτᾰε | σκῐρτᾰέτω | σκῐρτᾰ́ετον | σκῐρτᾰέτων | σκῐρτᾰ́ετε | σκῐρτᾰόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | σκῐρτᾰ́ομαι | σκῐρτᾰ́ῃ, σκῐρτᾰ́ει | σκῐρτᾰ́εται | σκῐρτᾰ́εσθον | σκῐρτᾰ́εσθον | σκῐρτᾰόμεθᾰ | σκῐρτᾰ́εσθε | σκῐρτᾰ́ονται | ||||
subjunctive | σκῐρτᾰ́ωμαι | σκῐρτᾰ́ῃ | σκῐρτᾰ́ηται | σκῐρτᾰ́ησθον | σκῐρτᾰ́ησθον | σκῐρτᾰώμεθᾰ | σκῐρτᾰ́ησθε | σκῐρτᾰ́ωνται | |||||
optative | σκῐρτᾰοίμην | σκῐρτᾰ́οιο | σκῐρτᾰ́οιτο | σκῐρτᾰ́οισθον | σκῐρτᾰοίσθην | σκῐρτᾰοίμεθᾰ | σκῐρτᾰ́οισθε | σκῐρτᾰ́οιντο | |||||
imperative | σκῐρτᾰ́ου | σκῐρτᾰέσθω | σκῐρτᾰ́εσθον | σκῐρτᾰέσθων | σκῐρτᾰ́εσθε | σκῐρτᾰέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | σκῐρτᾰ́ειν | σκῐρτᾰ́εσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | σκῐρτᾰ́ων | σκῐρτᾰόμενος | ||||||||||
f | σκῐρτᾰ́ουσᾰ | σκῐρτᾰομένη | |||||||||||
n | σκῐρτᾰ́ον | σκῐρτᾰόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Present: σκῐρτῶ, σκῐρτῶμαι (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | σκῐρτῶ | σκῐρτᾷς | σκῐρτᾷ | σκῐρτᾶτον | σκῐρτᾶτον | σκῐρτῶμεν | σκῐρτᾶτε | σκῐρτῶσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | σκῐρτῶ | σκῐρτᾷς | σκῐρτᾷ | σκῐρτᾶτον | σκῐρτᾶτον | σκῐρτῶμεν | σκῐρτᾶτε | σκῐρτῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | σκῐρτῴην, σκῐρτῷμῐ | σκῐρτῴης, σκῐρτῷς | σκῐρτῴη, σκῐρτῷ | σκῐρτῷτον, σκῐρτῴητον | σκῐρτῴτην, σκῐρτῳήτην | σκῐρτῷμεν, σκῐρτῴημεν | σκῐρτῷτε, σκῐρτῴητε | σκῐρτῷεν, σκῐρτῴησᾰν | |||||
imperative | σκῐ́ρτᾱ | σκῐρτᾱ́τω | σκῐρτᾶτον | σκῐρτᾱ́των | σκῐρτᾶτε | σκῐρτώντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | σκῐρτῶμαι | σκῐρτᾷ | σκῐρτᾶται | σκῐρτᾶσθον | σκῐρτᾶσθον | σκῐρτώμεθᾰ | σκῐρτᾶσθε | σκῐρτῶνται | ||||
subjunctive | σκῐρτῶμαι | σκῐρτᾷ | σκῐρτᾶται | σκῐρτᾶσθον | σκῐρτᾶσθον | σκῐρτώμεθᾰ | σκῐρτᾶσθε | σκῐρτῶνται | |||||
optative | σκῐρτῴμην | σκῐρτῷο | σκῐρτῷτο | σκῐρτῷσθον | σκῐρτῴσθην | σκῐρτῴμεθᾰ | σκῐρτῷσθε | σκῐρτῷντο | |||||
imperative | σκῐρτῶ | σκῐρτᾱ́σθω | σκῐρτᾶσθον | σκῐρτᾱ́σθων | σκῐρτᾶσθε | σκῐρτᾱ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | σκῐρτᾶν | σκῐρτᾶσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | σκῐρτῶν | σκῐρτώμενος | ||||||||||
f | σκῐρτῶσᾰ | σκῐρτωμένη | |||||||||||
n | σκῐρτῶν | σκῐρτώμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἐσκῐ́ρτᾰον, ἐσκῐρτᾰόμην (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐσκῐ́ρτᾰον | ἐσκῐ́ρτᾰες | ἐσκῐ́ρτᾰε(ν) | ἐσκῐρτᾰ́ετον | ἐσκῐρτᾰέτην | ἐσκῐρτᾰ́ομεν | ἐσκῐρτᾰ́ετε | ἐσκῐ́ρτᾰον | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἐσκῐρτᾰόμην | ἐσκῐρτᾰ́ου | ἐσκῐρτᾰ́ετο | ἐσκῐρτᾰ́εσθον | ἐσκῐρτᾰέσθην | ἐσκῐρτᾰόμεθᾰ | ἐσκῐρτᾰ́εσθε | ἐσκῐρτᾰ́οντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἐσκῐ́ρτων, ἐσκῐρτώμην (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐσκῐ́ρτων | ἐσκῐ́ρτᾱς | ἐσκῐ́ρτᾱ | ἐσκῐρτᾶτον | ἐσκῐρτᾱ́την | ἐσκῐρτῶμεν | ἐσκῐρτᾶτε | ἐσκῐ́ρτων | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἐσκῐρτώμην | ἐσκῐρτῶ | ἐσκῐρτᾶτο | ἐσκῐρτᾶσθον | ἐσκῐρτᾱ́σθην | ἐσκῐρτώμεθᾰ | ἐσκῐρτᾶσθε | ἐσκῐρτῶντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- ἀνᾰσκῐρτᾰ́ω (anaskirtáō)
- ἐπῐσκῐρτᾰ́ω (episkirtáō)
- κᾰτᾰσκῐρτᾰ́ω (kataskirtáō)
- σκῐρτηδόν (skirtēdón)
- σκῐρτηθμός (skirtēthmós)
- σκῐ́ρτημᾰ (skírtēma)
- σκῐ́ρτησῐς (skírtēsis)
- σκῐρτητής (skirtētḗs)
- σκῐρτητῐκός (skirtētikós)
- σκῐρτοπόδης (skirtopódēs)
- σκῐρτοποιέω (skirtopoiéō)
- σκῐρτών (skirtṓn)
Further reading
- “σκιρτάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “σκιρτάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “σκιρτάω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- σκιρτάω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- σκιρτάω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN