πῆμα
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hurt”) (compare Latin patior (“to suffer”), Sanskrit पीयति (pīyati, “to blame”), Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fijan, “to hate”)) + -μα (-ma).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pɛ̂ː.ma/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpe̝.ma/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpi.ma/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpi.ma/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpi.ma/
Noun
πῆμᾰ • (pêma) n (genitive πήμᾰτος); third declension
- (poetic) misery
- Synonyms: πημονή (pēmonḗ), πημοσύνη (pēmosúnē)
Declension
Third declension of τὸ πῆμᾰ; τοῦ πήμᾰτος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ πῆμᾰ tò pêma | τὼ πήμᾰτε tṑ pḗmate | τᾰ̀ πήμᾰτᾰ tà pḗmata | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ πήμᾰτος toû pḗmatos | τοῖν πημᾰ́τοιν toîn pēmátoin | τῶν πημᾰ́των tôn pēmátōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ πήμᾰτῐ tôi pḗmati | τοῖν πημᾰ́τοιν toîn pēmátoin | τοῖς πήμᾰσῐ / πήμᾰσῐν toîs pḗmasi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ πῆμᾰ tò pêma | τὼ πήμᾰτε tṑ pḗmate | τᾰ̀ πήμᾰτᾰ tà pḗmata | ||||||||||
Vocative | πῆμᾰ pêma | πήμᾰτε pḗmate | πήμᾰτᾰ pḗmata | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ἀπήμαντος (apḗmantos)
- ἀπήμων (apḗmōn)
- μνησῐπήμων (mnēsipḗmōn)
- πημαίνομαι (pēmaínomai)
- πημαίνω (pēmaínō)
- πημαντέος (pēmantéos)
- πημονή (pēmonḗ)
- πημοσύνη (pēmosúnē)
- πήμων (pḗmōn)
Further reading
- “πῆμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πῆμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “πῆμα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- πῆμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- πῆμα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- adversity idem, page 15.
- affliction idem, page 17.
- anguish idem, page 29.
- bane idem, page 61.
- distress idem, page 242.
- grief idem, page 373.
- harm idem, page 386.
- heaviness idem, page 393.
- hurt idem, page 411.
- ill idem, page 414.
- infliction idem, page 438.
- lamentation idem, page 474.
- melancholy idem, page 524.
- mischief idem, page 533.
- misery idem, page 534.
- misfortune idem, page 534.
- mournfulness idem, page 544.
- pain idem, page 588.
- pest idem, page 609.
- plague idem, page 616.
- ruin idem, page 725.
- sadness idem, page 730.
- scourge idem, page 741.
- sorrow idem, page 795.
- torment idem, page 881.
- trouble idem, page 897.
- unhappiness idem, page 920.