πυρήν
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From πῡρός (pūrós, “grain of wheat”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pyː.rɛ̌ːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pyˈre̝n/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /pyˈrin/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /pyˈrin/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /piˈrin/
Noun
πῡρήν • (pūrḗn) m (genitive πῡρῆνος); third declension
- (botany) kernel, pip, stone
- hard bone of fishes
- grain of frankincense
- round head of a probe
- name of a gem used as a votive offering
- growth under the chin of an animal
Inflection
Third declension of ὁ πῡρήν; τοῦ πῡρῆνος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ πῡρήν ho pūrḗn | τὼ πῡρῆνε tṑ pūrêne | οἱ πῡρῆνες hoi pūrênes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ πῡρῆνος toû pūrênos | τοῖν πῡρήνοιν toîn pūrḗnoin | τῶν πῡρήνων tôn pūrḗnōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ πῡρῆνῐ tôi pūrêni | τοῖν πῡρήνοιν toîn pūrḗnoin | τοῖς πῡρῆσῐ / πῡρῆσῐν toîs pūrêsi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν πῡρῆνᾰ tòn pūrêna | τὼ πῡρῆνε tṑ pūrêne | τοὺς πῡρῆνᾰς toùs pūrênas | ||||||||||
Vocative | πῡρήν pūrḗn | πῡρῆνε pūrêne | πῡρῆνες pūrênes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ἀπῡ́ρηνος (apū́rēnos)
- πῡρηνᾰ́δες (pūrēnádes)
- πῡρηνῐ́δῐον (pūrēnídion)
- πῡρήνῐον (pūrḗnion)
- πῡρηνοειδής (pūrēnoeidḗs)
- πῡρηνώδης (pūrēnṓdēs)
Descendants
- Greek: πυρήνας (pyrínas)
- → English: pyrena
Further reading
- “πυρήν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πυρήν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πυρήν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- grain idem, page 369.
- kernel idem, page 468.
- pip idem, page 614.
- stone idem, page 819.