ποινή
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂, from the root *kʷey- (“to pay”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /poi̯.nɛ̌ː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pyˈne̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /pyˈni/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /pyˈni/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /piˈni/
Noun
ποινή • (poinḗ) f (genitive ποινῆς); first declension
- blood money, wergeld
- fine, ransom, penalty, penance, satisfaction
- Synonyms: ζημῐ́ᾱ (zēmíā), θωή (thōḗ)
- compensation
- redemption, release
Inflection
First declension of ἡ ποινή; τῆς ποινῆς (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ποινή hē poinḗ | τὼ ποινᾱ́ tṑ poinā́ | αἱ ποιναί hai poinaí | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ποινῆς tês poinês | τοῖν ποιναῖν toîn poinaîn | τῶν ποινῶν tôn poinôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ποινῇ têi poinêi | τοῖν ποιναῖν toîn poinaîn | ταῖς ποιναῖς taîs poinaîs | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ποινήν tḕn poinḗn | τὼ ποινᾱ́ tṑ poinā́ | τᾱ̀ς ποινᾱ́ς tā̀s poinā́s | ||||||||||
Vocative | ποινή poinḗ | ποινᾱ́ poinā́ | ποιναί poinaí | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- Greek: ποινή (poiní)
- → Latin: poena (see there for further descendants)
Further reading
- “ποινή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ποινή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ποινή”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ποινή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ποινή in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- amends idem, page 27.
- atonement idem, page 49.
- compensation idem, page 151.
- expiation idem, page 294.
- penalty idem, page 602.
- punishment idem, page 658.
- redress idem, page 684.
- reparation idem, page 695.
- reprisal idem, page 698.
- requital idem, page 700.
- retaliation idem, page 706.
- retribution idem, page 708.
- revenge idem, page 709.
- reward idem, page 711.
- vengeance idem, page 947.
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).
Noun
ποινή • (poiní) f (plural ποινές)
- (law) punishment, sentence, penalty
Declension
declension of ποινή
case \\ number | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | ποινή • | ποινές • |
genitive | ποινής • | ποινών • |
accusative | ποινή • | ποινές • |
vocative | ποινή • | ποινές • |
Related terms
- αξιόποινος (axiópoinos, “punishable, criminal”)
- ποινικολόγος (poinikológos, “criminal lawyer”)
- ποινικοποίηση (poinikopoíisi, “penalisation”)
- ποινικοποιώ (poinikopoió, “to penalise”)
- ποινικός (poinikós, “criminal, penal”)
- ποινολόγιο (poinológio, “crime sheet”)