πλευρά
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- πλευρή (pleurḗ) – Ionic
Etymology
Pre-Greek. A recontruction *pnew-reh₂ from Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breath”) would leave the lambda unexplained (although compare πλεύμων (pleúmōn, “lung”)). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pleu̯.rǎː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /plewˈra/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /pleˈβra/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /pleˈvra/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /pleˈvra/
Noun
πλευρᾱ́ • (pleurā́) f (genitive πλευρᾶς); first declension
- (anatomy, usually in the plural) A rib.
- Synonym: πλευρόν (pleurón)
- (usually in the plural) A side of a man or animal.
- A side of things and places.
- (geometry) A line that forms the side of a triangle or other two-dimensional figure.
- 350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 7.17
- A side of a rectangle; (mathematics) one factor of any product.
- A side of a square of a cube; (mathematics) a root of a square of a cubic number.
- 350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 8.17.11
- A generator of a cone or cylinder.
Inflection
First declension of ἡ πλευρᾱ́; τῆς πλευρᾶς (Attic)
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ πλευρᾱ́ hē pleurā́ | τὼ πλευρᾱ́ tṑ pleurā́ | αἱ πλευραί hai pleuraí | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς πλευρᾶς tês pleurâs | τοῖν πλευραῖν toîn pleuraîn | τῶν πλευρῶν tôn pleurôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ πλευρᾷ têi pleurâi | τοῖν πλευραῖν toîn pleuraîn | ταῖς πλευραῖς taîs pleuraîs | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν πλευρᾱ́ν tḕn pleurā́n | τὼ πλευρᾱ́ tṑ pleurā́ | τᾱ̀ς πλευρᾱ́ς tā̀s pleurā́s | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πλευρᾱ́ pleurā́ | πλευρᾱ́ pleurā́ | πλευραί pleuraí | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ᾰ̓μφῐ́πλευρος (amphípleuros)
- ᾰ̓νῐσόπλευρος (anisópleuros)
- ᾰ̓ντῐ́πλευρος (antípleuros)
- ᾰ̓́πλευρος (ápleuros)
- ᾰ̓ρτῐόπλευρος (artiópleuros)
- ᾰ̓τερόπλευρος (aterópleuros)
- βᾰθῠ́πλευρος (bathúpleuros)
- βούπλευρος (boúpleuros)
- δεκᾰ́πλευρος (dekápleuros)
- δῐᾰπλευρῐσμός (diapleurismós)
- δῐπλᾰσῐόπλευρος (diplasiópleuros)
- δῐ́πλευρος (dípleuros)
- δωδεκᾰ́πλευρον (dōdekápleuron)
- ἕκπλευρος (hékpleuros)
- ἔμπλευρος (émpleuros)
- ἑξᾰ́πλευρος (hexápleuros)
- ἐπῐ́πλευρᾰ (epípleura)
- ἑπτᾰ́πλευρος (heptápleuros)
- ἐρῐ́πλευρος (erípleuros)
- ἑτερόπλευρος (heterópleuros)
- ἡμῐ́πλευρος (hēmípleuros)
- ῐ̓σόπλευρος (isópleuros)
- ῐ̓σοπληθόπλευρος (isoplēthópleuros)
- λευκόπλευρος (leukópleuros)
- μονόπλευρος (monópleuros)
- πᾰρᾰπλευρῐ́δῐᾰ (parapleurídia)
- πᾰρᾰπλευρόω (parapleuróō)
- πεντᾰ́πλευρον (pentápleuron)
- περῐπλευρῐ́ζω (peripleurízō)
- περῐ́πλευρος (perípleuros)
- πλᾰτῠ́πλευρον (platúpleuron)
- πλευρῐ́ον (pleuríon)
- πλευρῐσμός (pleurismós)
- πλεύροθεν (pleúrothen)
- πλευροτῠπής (pleurotupḗs)
- πλεύρωμᾰ (pleúrōma)
- πολῠ́πλευρος (polúpleuros)
- στρογγῠλόπλευρος (strongulópleuros)
- σῠ́μπλευρος (súmpleuros)
- τᾰνῠ́πλευρος (tanúpleuros)
- τετρᾰ́πλευρος (tetrápleuros)
- τρῐ́πλευρος (trípleuros)
- χᾰλκόπλευρος (khalkópleuros)
- χρῡσόπλευρος (khrūsópleuros)
- ψῑλήπλευρᾰ (psīlḗpleura)
Related terms
- πλευρόν (pleurón)
- πλευρῖτῐς (pleurîtis)
- πλευρῑτῐκός (pleurītikós)
Descendants
- → Medieval Latin: pleura
- → English: pleura
- → French: pleura
- → Italian: pleura
- → Portuguese: pleura
- → Spanish: pleura
References
- “πλευρά”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πλευρά”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πλευρά in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- πλευρά in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G4125 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- flank idem, page 325.
- rib idem, page 712.
- side idem, page 772.
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek πλευρά (pleurá).
Noun
πλευρά • (plevrá) f (plural πλευρές)
- side (especially a surface or an area)
- στη δυτική πλευρά του κτιρίου
- sti dytikí plevrá tou ktiríou
- on the west side of the building
- η αίθουσα είχε δύο πλευρές με καθίσματα
- i aíthousa eíche dýo plevrés me kathísmata
- the room has two sides with seats
- (mathematics) side
- Ένα τρίγωνο έχει τρεις κορυφές, τρεις πλευρές και τρεις γωνίες.
- Éna trígono échei treis koryfés, treis plevrés kai treis goníes.
- A triangle has three points, three sides and three angles.
- side
- η δεξιά πλευρά του αυτοκινήτου
- i dexiá plevrá tou aftokinítou
- the right-hand side of the car
Declension
declension of πλευρά
| case \\ number | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | πλευρά • | πλευρές • |
| genitive | πλευράς • | πλευρών • |
| accusative | πλευρά • | πλευρές • |
| vocative | πλευρά • | πλευρές • |
Derived terms
- αναλογία πλευρών f (analogía plevrón, “aspect ratio”)
- ανισόπλευρος (anisóplevros, “of unequal sides”, adjective)
- ισόπλευρος (isóplevros, “of equal sides, equilateral”, adjective)
Noun
πλευρά • (plevrá) n
- Nominative, accusative and vocative plural form of πλευρό (plevró).